Psychosocial factors and their predictive value in chiropractic patients with low back pain: a prospective inception cohort study

Table 3 Relative risk of poor outcome 6 weeks from presentation

	Bothersomeness		Interference with Work
Baseline Variable	Relative Risk	95% C.I.	Relative Risk	95% C.I.
Age >55 years	0.63	0.11 – 3.01	0.37	0.06 – 1.67
Duration >4 weeks	2.07*	1.19 – 3.38	1.78	0.84 – 3.73
Chronicity (LBP present >50% of past year)	1.22	0.49 – 2.71	0.92	0.34 – 2.19
High bothersomeness	0.76	0.36 – 1.66	1.96	0.45 – 11.27
High interference with normal work	1.71	0.69 – 4.57	3.42*	1.00 – 12.86
Co-morbidity	1.89	0.89 – 3.61	2.37*	1.15 – 4.74
LBP aggravated by:
- Sitting	0.76	0.36 – 1.67	1.53	0.66 – 3.80
- Standing	0.28	0.14 – 0.47	0.71	0.32 – 1.53
- Walking	1.42	0.63 – 3.00	0.55	0.23 – 1.22
- Bending	0.43	0.21 – 0.98	1.05	0.42 – 3.19
- Lifting	1.15	0.31 – 4.68	-**	-
- Lying	1.89	0.89 – 3.67	0.86	0.42 – 1.95
Fear-avoidance (FABQ)	-***	-	-***	-
Inevitability (BBQ)	2.27	0.97 – 4.42	2.56*	1.08 – 5.08
Anxiety (CSQ)	-****	-	-****	-
General Health (GH-12)	1.02	0.20 – 3.48	1.21	0.22 – 3.88

* Statistically significant risk.
** No cases reporting moderate to high interference with work were aggravated by lifting.
*** Only one case exhibited high fear-avoidance at baseline. Despite this, LBP was reported as not bothersome at 6 weeks.
**** No cases exhibited anxiety at baseline.

ISSN: 2045-709X