Anatomic and functional leg-length inequality: A review and recommendation for clinical decision-making. Part I, anatomic leg-length inequality: prevalence, magnitude, effects and clinical significance

Table 1 Studies using reliable means of determining magnitude of anatomic leg-length inequality

Study	Population	"N" (573)	Subjects/Notes	Controls	Av LLI (SD)
Gross R. 1983	Male marathon runners, age 24–49	33	No deleterious effect of the LLI		4.9 mm (3.8)
Venn et al 1983	Randomly chosen patients	60			5.4 mm (4.0)
Cleveland et al 1988	Low back pain patients	10	Standing and supine x-ray		4.7 mm (5.8)
Hoikka et al 1989	Chronic low back pain patients	100			4.9 mm (3.6)
Beattie et al 1990	Clinical subjects, age 22–60	19	10 with history of LLI or lower extremity or back pain	9 healthy	6.8 mm (5.7)
Soukka et al 1991	Four defined occupational and gender groups, age 35–54	247	194 with prior back pain (>12 mo ago and during last 12 mo with and without disability)	53 who never had back pain	5.0 mm (3.9)
Rhodes et al 1995	New LBP patients Chiropractic practice	50	Age 18–40 26 men 24 women		6.3 mm (4.1)
Mincer et al 1997	Volunteers	54	no history of back pain in last 6 months 10 men 44 women		2.4 mm (1.8)

ISSN: 2045-709X