Figure 1

Example of paraspinal, neck and shoulder girdle muscle-strengthening exercises. A) Sorenson type exercise with isometric contraction to keep the shoulder in extension and the scapulas in adduction. B) Sorenson type exercise with thighs and hips supported on a Swiss ball. Isometric paraspinal contraction combining adduction/abduction of the scapulas. C) Isometric lateral shoulder raises with elastic resistance. The exercise could be performed sitting on a stable surface (e.g. a chair) or on a Swiss ball.