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Table 5 Pain definition, intensity and characteristics of included studies

From: Altered postural sway in patients suffering from non-specific neck pain and whiplash associated disorder - A systematic review of the literature

Study

WAD

NSNP

Pain presence in months (SD)

Pain present at time of trial

Pain intensity evaluation (pre-trial)

Score mean (SD)

McPartland et al. [18]

 

X

-

yes

-

-

Michaelson et al. [21]

X

 

87 (77)

yes

VAS

4.9 (2.3)

  

X

97 (68)

yes

VAS

5.2 (1.6)

Madeleine et al. [23]

X

 

≥ 6

yes

NRS-11

6.0 (0.7)

  

X

induced

yes

NRS-11

2.6-4.5 (0.5)

Treleaven et al. [19]

X

 

-

yes

VAS

2.8

 

X

 

-

yes

VAS

4.1

Storaci et al. [26]

X

 

-

-

-

-

Endo et al. [25]

X

 

6

yes

-

-

Treleaven et al. [27]

X

 

17

yes

-

-

Field et al. [22]

X

 

≥ 3

yes

VAS

2.2 (0.9)

  

X

≥ 3

yes

VAS

3.2 (0.4)

Poole et al. [24]

 

X

> 5

yes

VAS

-

Vuillerme et al. [20]

 

X

induced

yes

VAS

7.1 (1.7)

  1. - : not reported, NDI: Neck Disability Index, NSNP: non-specific neck pain, SD: standard deviation, WAD: whiplash associated disorder
  2. ∞ : induced pain
  3. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ranging from 0-10: 0-2: light pain, 3-5: light to moderate pain, 6-7: moderate to intense pain, 8-10: unbearable pain.