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Table 2 Baseline health characteristics of participants by treatment group and total

From: A pilot randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of exercise, spinal manipulation, and neuro emotional technique for the treatment of pregnancy-related low back pain

Variable

Exercise (n = 22)

NET (n = 20)

SMT (n = 15)

Total (n = 57)

 

Mean (SD) or n (%)

Mean (SD) or n (%)

Mean (SD) or n (%)

Mean (SD) or n (%)

Gravida

3* (1.8)

2* (2.3)

3* (2.7)

3* (1.9)

Para

0* (1.2)

1* (1.3)

1* (0.9)

1* (1.1)

Body Mass Index at study start

26.9 (3.9)

28.2 (4.4)

29.3 (4.4)

27.9 (4.3)

Took Medication for Pain at Study Start

4 (18.2%)

2 (10.0%)

1 (6.7%)

7 (12.3%)

Very Good or Quite Good Health Prior to Pregnancy

18 (81.8%)

20 (100.0%)

15 (100.0%)

53 (93%)

Exercised Prior to Pregnancy

    

Daily

4 (18.2%)

5 (25.0%)

2 (13.3%)

11 (19.3%)

Weekly

9 (40.9%)

8 (40.0%)

7 (46.7%)

24 (42.1%)

Occasional

6 (27.3%)

6 (30.0%)

6 (40.0%)

18 (31.6%)

Never

3 (13.6%)

1 (5.0%)

0

4 (7.0%)

History of low back pain

10 (45%)

13 (65%)

8 (53%)

31 (54%)

Gestational age at onset of this episode

11.7 (6.1)

13.9 (6.6)

16.1 (5.8)

25.4 (6.4)

Sick Leave due to PRLBP

5 (33%)

4 (24%)

2 (17%)

11 (25%)

Pain Location

    

Lumbosacral

10 (45.5%)

12 (60.0%)

7 (46.7%)

29 (50.9%)

Pelvis

6 (27.3%)

4 (20.0%)

2 (13.3%)

12 (21.0%)

Lumbar

3 (13.6%)

3 (15.0%)

2 (13.3%)

8 (14.0%)

Composite

3 (13.6%)

1 (5.0%)

2 (13.3%)

6 (10.5%)

  1. *Median.