Table 4 Univariate logistic regression analysis of potential predictors at baseline and 1 week for improvement at 1 month in acute and chronic patients

Gender (male)

0.69 (0.32-1.51)

0.36

0.75 (0.42 to 1.35)

0.34

*Age (higher)

0.98 (0.95 to 1.01)

0.13

1.00 (0.98 to 1.02)

0.85

Dizziness present

1.54 (0.47 to 5.02)

0.47

1.02 (0.45 to 2.31)

0.96

Radiculopathy present

2.19 (0.49 to 9.78)

0.30

0.60 (0.25 to 1.44)

0.25

Trauma

0.74 (0.24 to 2.36)

0.62

1.29 (0.59 to 2.83)

0.52

Previous episodes category (higher)

1.18 (0.47 to 2.93)

0.73

1.31 (0.71 to 2.43)

0.39

Taking medication

1.76 (0.74 to 4.18)

0.20

1.04 (0.54 to 2.00)

0.40

Paid employment

0.90 (0.29 to 2.78)

0.85

0.55 (0.27 to 1.13)

0.10

Smoke

1.43 (0.51 to 3.98)

0.49

1.01 (0.50 to 2.03)

0.98

In good health

1.72 (0.76 to 3.90)

0.19

1.58 (0.89 to 2.81)

0.12

*BQ Pain

1.09 (0.83 to 1.28)

0.31

1.00 (0.89 to 1.13)

0.98

*BQ Disability

1.08 (0.94 to 1.24)

0.29

1.01 (0.90 to 1.13)

0.87

*BQ Social disability

1.12 (0.98 to 1.27)

0.09

1.07 (0.97 to 1.19)

0.18

*BQ Anxiety

0.97 (0.85 to 1.12)

0.69

1.06 (0.75 to 1.17)

0.31

*BQ Depression

0.90 (0.80 to 1.01)

0.08

0.96 (0.88 to 1.06)

0.42

*BQ Fear avoidance beliefs

1.05 (0.92 to 1.20)

0.51

1.03 (0.94 to 1.14)

0.52

*BQ Locus of control

1.08 (0.95 to 1.24)

0.25

0.96 (0.87 to 1.07)

0.46

*BQ Total

1.01 (0.98 to 1.04)

0.49

1.00 (0.98 to 1.02)

0.83

*NRS Neck

1.08 (0.90 to 1.30)

0.39

1.00 (0.88 to 1.13)

0.93

*NRS Arm

1.05 (0.90 to 1.22)

0.53

0.98 (0.89 to 1.09)

0.76

PGIC @ 1 week

4.04 (1.63 to 10.07)

.003

4.60 (2.04 to 10.38)

.0001

*Baseline: 1 Week BQ Pain Change Score

1.14 (0.99 to 1.32)

0.08

1.01 (0.88 to 1.15)

0.88

*Baseline:1 Week BQ Disability Change Score

1.09 (0.95 to 1.26)

0.23

0.99 (0.88 to 1.12)

0.90

*Baseline: 1 Week BQ Social disability Change Score

1.10 (0.95 to 1.28)

0.20

1.10 (0.98 to 1.25)

0.12

*Baseline: 1 Week BQ Anxiety Change Score

1.13 (0.96 to 1.32)

0.14

1.08 (0.93 to 1.25)

0.31

*Baseline: 1 Week BQ Depression Change Score

0.99 (0.85 to 1.16 )

0.93

1.01 (0.90 to 1.14)

0.84

*Baseline: 1 Week BQ Fear avoidance beliefs Change Score

0.99 (0.86 to 1.16)

0.88

1.08 (0.96 to 1.22)

0.21

*Baseline: 1 Week BQ Locus of control Change Score

1.12 (1.00 to 1.26)

0.05

1.03 (0.94 to 1.13)

0.58

*Baseline: 1 Week BQ Total Change Score

1.02 (0.99 to 1.05)

0.13

1.01 (0.92 to 1.21)

0.43

*Baseline: 1 Week NRS Neck Change Score

1.42 (1.14 to 1.77)

0.002

1.06 (0.92 to 1.21)

0.43

*Baseline: 1 Week NRS Arm Change Score

1.12 (0.92 to 1.36)

0.27

0.95 (0.82 to 1.10)

0.49