Skip to main content

Table 5 Description of studies on osteoarthritis (OA)

From: What is the prevalence of musculoskeletal problems in the elderly population in developed countries? A systematic critical literature review

 

First author Publ. year Country

Study design / Population /Method of collection

Sample size

Crude response rate (%)

Outcome definition

Outcome assessment method

Prevalence period

Age

Prevalence* (95% CI)

Risk of bias

   

Total

M

F

     

M

F

Total

 

Knee, symptomatic

Carmona [11] 2001 Spain

(20+ yo), a stratified multistage cluster sample from the censuses of 20 municipalities. Postal questionnaire + interview (rheumatologist)

2192

1014

1178

73

ACR clinical criteria

Self report

Point

60-69

  

28.1

L

70-79

33.7

80+

21.3

Knee, symptomatic

Fernandez-Lopez [25] 2008 Spain

2000, (20+ yo), stratified poly-stage cluster sampling from 20 city censuses, home visit questionnaire + interview (rheumatologist)

2192

1014

1178

73

ACR clinical criteria

Self report

Point

60-69

18.1

37.2

28.1

L

70-79

16.7

44.1

33.7

80+

14.3

25.5

21.3

Knee, symptomatic

Mannoni [30] 2003 Italy

1995, (65+ yo), the entire population of 65+ yo in Dicomano (The ICARe Dicomano study). Home interview and examination (geriatrician)

697

406

291

81

ACR clinical criteria

Clinical examination

Point

65+

  

29.8

L

Knee, symptomatic

Picavet [18] 2003 The Netherlands

1998, (25+ yo), a 6 months follow-up on a baseline stratified random sample taken from the population register (the DMC3-study). Postal questionnaire

2338

?

?

85

"Please indicate whether a physician or medical specialist has ever told you that you have one or more of the following diseases [OA]”

Self report

Point

65-74

  

27

H

75+

28

Knee, radiographic

Jordan [27] 2007 USA

1991-7, (45+ yo), stratified simple random sampling of streets as primary sampling units and stratified subsampling of Caucasian women age 65 years or older residents of one of 6 townships (the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project). Home interview and clinical examination

3690

?

?

72

K-L ≥2

Radiograph

Point

65-74

  

36.1 (33.8-38.6)

U

75+

49.9 (45.4-54.4)

Knee, radiographic

Kim [28] 2010 South Korea

2007, (50+ yo), a follow-up study of a random proportional sample from the Korean National Census of elderly community residents in Chuncheon city. Home interview, Questionnaire and examination

504

230

274

55

K-L ≥2

Radiograph

Point

60-69

4

40

26

U

70-79

18

65

42

80-89

34

98

65

Knee, radiographic

Muraki [31] 2009 Japan

2002, (65+ yo), random samples of community-dwelling people from listings of resident registration in three communities (Itabashi-ku, Hidakagawa-cho, Taiji-cho). Interview, Questionnaire and examination

2282

817

1465

29-76

K-L ≥2

Radiograph

Point

65-69

42

61

 

U

70-74

46

71

75-79

51

74

80+

53

81

Knee, radiographic

Sudo [32] 2008 Japan

(65+ yo), all community inhabitants recruited in Miyagawa village, in central Mie Prefecture. Questionnaire and interview (hospital)

598

205

393

40

K-L ≥2

Radiograph

Point

65-74

14

33

 

U

75-84

26

41

85+

23

47

Knee, radiographic

Yoshida [34] 2002 Japan

2000, (40+ yo), all women identified by the municipal electroral list of Oshima town, Nagasaki (The Hizen-Oshima Study). examination

586

 

586

30

K-L ≥2

Radiograph

Point

63-69

 

35.8

 

U

70-79

54.0

80-89

63.3

Knee, radiographic

Yoshimura [33] 2009 Japan

2005-7, (40+ yo), recruited from the resident-registration lists of the Hidakagawa & Taiji regions or from a randomly selected cohort study from the Itabashi (Tokyo) Ward resident registration database (the ROAD study). Examination

3040

1061

1979

76

K-L ≥2

Radiograph

Point

60-69

35.2

57.1

 

U

70-79

48.2

71.9

80+

51.6

80.7

Knee, symptomatic + radiographic

Andrianakos [23] 2006 Greece

1966-99, (19+ yo), the total adult population in 7 mixed communities + random sample in another 2 mixed communities (the ESORDIG study). Interview, Questionnaire and examination (home visit, rheumatologist)

8740

4269

4471

82

ACR clinical criteria + radiograph (unknown definition)

Self report + radiograph

Point

60-64

5.4

21.4

13.3

L

65-69

8.4

21.1

15.3

70-74

11.7

28.0

20.4

75-79

19.3

33.3

27.6

80+

27.2

27.2

22.5

Knee, symptomatic + radiographic

Sudo [32] 2008 Japan

(65+ yo), all community inhabitants recruited in Miyagawa village, in central Mie Prefecture. Questionnaire and interview (hospital)

598

205

393

40

Questionnaire (no additional information) + K-L ≥2

Self report + radiograph

Point

65-74

8

26

 

U

75-84

17

28

85+

16

31

Knee, symptomatic + radiographic

Jordan [27] 2007 USA

1991-7, (45+ yo), stratified simple random sampling of streets as primary sampling units and stratified subsampling of Caucasian women age 65 years or older residents of one of 6 townships (the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project). Home interview + clinical examination

3690

?

?

72

“On most days, do you have pain, aching, or stiffness in your (right, left) knee?” + K-L ≥2

Self report + radiograph

Point

65-74

  

20.8 28.8-23.0)

U

75+

32.8 (29.5-36.3)

Knee, symptomatic + radiographic

Kim [28] 2010 South Korea

2007, (50+ yo), a follow-up study of a random proportional sample from the Korean National Census of elderly community residents in Chuncheon city. Home interview, Questionnaire and examination

504

230

274

55

“Have you experienced pain, aching, or stiffness lasting at least a month in a knee?” + K-L grade ≥2

Self report + radiograph

Point

60-69

2

27

17

U

70-79

9

48

28

80-89

12

63

38

76-94

 

18.7

 

Knee, symptomatic + radiographic

Muraki [31] 2009 Japan

2002, (65+ yo), random samples of community-dwelling people from listings of resident registration in three communities (Itabashi-ku, Hidakagawa-cho, Taiji-cho). Interview, Questionnaire and examination

2282

817

1465

29-76

Knee pain lasting at least 1 month with pain having last occurred within the current or previous year + K-L ≥2

Self report + radiograph

Point

65-69

17

22

 

U

70-74

15

36

75-79

16

34

80+

18

39

Hand, symptomatic

Carmona [11] 2001 Spain

(20+ yo), a stratified multistage cluster sample from the censuses of 20 municipalities. Postal Questionnaire + Interview (rheumatologist)

2192

1014

1178

73

ACR clinical criteria

Self report

Point

60-69

  

15.3

L

70-79

23.9

80+

17.3

Hand, symptomatic

Mannoni [37] 2003 Italy

1995, (65+ yo), the entire population of 65+ yo in Dicomano (The ICARe Dicomano study). Home interview and examination (geriatician)

697

406

291

81

ACR clinical; criteria

Clinical examination

Point

65+

  

14.9

L

Hand, radiographic

Dillon [24] 2007 USA

1991-4, (60+ yo), a multistage, cluster and stratified representative sample of US civilians (NHANES III). Home Questionnaire and Interview, Examination in mobile examination centre

2498

?

?

62

NHANES III criteria, but with no history of persistent symptoms

Self report + clinical examination

Point

60-69

  

31.5

L

70-79

43.9

80+

41.2

Hand, radiographic

Haugen [26] 2011 Norway

1992-5 & 2002–5, (28–92 yo), baseline data from the 1992–5 Community cohort of the Framingham Heart Study selected through random-digit dialing and from the 2002–5 Offspring cohort, Massachusetts. Postal questionnaire + examination

2300

?

?

43

Modified K-L grade ≥2 (2 = mild HOA, i.e. small OP(s) and/or mild JSN, sclerosis may be present)

Radiograph

Point

60-64

56

63

 

U

65-69

71

82

70-74

78

91

75-79

72

92

80+

96

100

Hand, radiographic

Kwok [29] 2011 The Netherlands

1997-3, (55+ yo), responders from follow-up of 1990–3 random sample of inhabitants living in the Ommoord district, Rotterdam (the Rotterdam Study). Questionnaire and Interview (home), Examination

3430

1509

1921

43

‘Mild’ OA defined as KL grade ≥2 in at least one finger joint

Radiograph

Point

65-74

56.3

68.4

62.9

U

75-84

63.3

78.9

72.8

85+

66.7

68.4

67.9

Hand, symptomatic + radiographic

Andrianakos [23] 2006 Greece

1966-99, (19+ yo), the total adult population in 7 mixed communities + random sample in another 2 mixed communities (the ESORDIG study). Interview, Questionnaire and examination (home visit, rheumatologist).

8740

4269

4471

82

ACR clinical criteria + radiograph (unknown definition)

Self report + radiograph

Point

60-64

0.9

7.0

3.9

L

65-69

2.1

8.8

5.7

70-74

3.3

7.8

5.8

75-79

4.0

8.1

6.5

80+

1.8

5.5

4.2

Hand, symptomatic + radiographic

Dillon [24] 2007 USA

1991-4, (60+ yo), a multistage, cluster and stratified representative sample of US civilians (NHANES III). Home Questionnaire and Interview, Examination (mobile examination centre).

2498

?

?

62

NHANES III criteria

Self report + clinical examination

Point

60-69

  

6.1

L

70-79

9.9

80+

9.7

Hand, symptomatic + radiographic

Kwok [29] 2011 The Netherlands

1997-3, (55+ yo), responders from follow-up of 1990–3 random sample of inhabitants living in the Ommoord district, Rotterdam (the Rotterdam Study). Questionnaire and Interview (home), Examination

3430

1509

1921

43

‘Did you have any pain in the right or left hand during the last month?’ + ‘Mild’ OA defined as KL grade ≥2 in at least one finger joint

Self report + radiograph

Point

65-74

6.1

18.9

13.1

U

75-84

5.3

14.2

10.7

85+

0.0

21.1

14.3

Hand, symptomatic + radiographic

Zhang [36] 2002 USA

1992-3, (71+ yo), all participants from the original cohort in 1948 aged 26–62 (the Framingham Study). Questionnaire and Interview, Examination

1032

369

663

89

“On most days, do you have pain, aching, or stiffness in any of your joints?” + K-L ≥2

Self report + radiograph

Point

71-74

16.4

27.2

 

U

75-79

11.9

26.1

80+

13.5

26.0

Hip, symptomatic

Picavet [18] 2003 The Netherlands

1998, (25+ yo), a 6 months follow-up on a baseline stratified random sample taken from the population register (the DMC3-study). Postal questionnaire

2338

?

?

85

"Please indicate whether a physician or medical specialist has ever told you that you have one or more of the following diseases [OA]”

Self report

Life time

65-74

  

17

H

75+

22

Hip, symptomatic

Mannoni [37] 2003 Italy

1995, (65+ yo), the entire population of 65+ yo in Dicomano (The ICARe Dicomano study). Interview and examination (home visit, geriatrician)

697

406

291

81

ACR clinical criteria

Clinical examination

Point

65+

  

7.7

L

Hip, symptomatic + radiographic

Andrianakos [23] 2006 Greece

1966-99, (19+ yo), the total adult population in 7 mixed communities + random sample in another 2 mixed communities (the ESORDIG study). Interview, Questionnaire and examination (home visit, geriatrician)

8740

4269

4471

82

ACR clinical criteria + radiograph (unknown definition)

Self report + radiograph

Point

60-64

0.7

3.5

2.1

L

65-69

0.5

4.1

2.4

70-74

1.2

3.9

2.6

75-79

0.6

4.3

3.0

80+

0.6

2.8

1.8

Lumbar spine radiographic

Yoshimura [33] 2009 Japan

2005-7, (40+ yo), recruited from the resident-registration lists of the Hidakagawa & Taiji regions or from a randomly selected cohort study from the Itabashi (Tokyo) Ward resident registration database (the ROAD study). Examination

3040

1061

1979

76

K-L ≥3

Radiograph

Point

60-69

74.6

64.3

 

U

70-79

85.3

76.1

80+

89.9

79.6

Lumbar spine radiographic

Yoshimura [35] 2009 Japan

1990, (40-79yo), all inhabitants from the register of residents in Miyama village were invited (the Miyama Study). Examination

400

200

200

100

K-L ≥3

Radiograph

Point

60-69

39.6

38.0

 

U

          

70-79

38.3

34.7

  
  1. *Prevalence estimates without decimals are obtained from figures/graphs in the article and should be interpreted with caution.
  2. R: Register. L: Low, U: Unclear, H: High.
  3. GP: General practitioner; ACR: The American College of Rheumatology (ACR clinical criteria for RA [22]).