Skip to main content

Table 5 Correlation (Spearman’s rho) between the pain, anxiety and depression sub-items from BQ and SBT 5-item scale

From: The psychometric profile of chiropractic patients in Norway and England: using and comparing the generic versions of the STarT Back 5-item screening tool and the Bournemouth Questionnaire

 

SBT

Not safe to be active

Worrying thoughts (anxiety)

Pessimistic expectations

Not enjoy things (depression)

Bothersomeness

BQ

      

BQ1. pain

Neck

0.04

0.26*

0.31*

0.27*

0.41*

 

Extremity

0.19

0.16

0.38*

0.1

0.38*

 

Other

0.74*†

−0.22

0.28

0.21

0.31

 

Back Norway

0.23*

0.17*

0.27*

0.29*

0.56*

 

Back England

0.31*

0.25*

0.32*

0.32*

0.48*

 

All conditions

0.21*

0.18*

0.31*

0.32*

0.48*

BQ4. anxiety

Neck

0.19

0.48*

0.31*

0.58*

0.51*

 

Extremity

0.29

0.26*

0.36*

0.24

0.44*

 

Other

0.31

0.65

0.83*†

0.73*†

0.52

 

Back Norway

0.29*

0.13

0.41*

0.41*

0.38*

 

Back England

0.19*

0.45*

0.28*

0.28*

0.35*

 

All conditions

0.16*

0.33*

0.27*

0.40*

0.37*

BQ5. depression

Neck

0.26

0.58*

0.44*

0.60*

0.41*

 

Extremity

0.46*

0.18

0.54*

0.29

0.29

 

Other

0.60

0.55

0.81*†

0.76*†

0.54

 

Back Norway

0.09

0.27*

0.26*

0.47*

0.30*

 

Back England

0.09

0.33*

0.32*

0.32*

0.30*

 

All conditions

0.13*

0.26*

0.38*

0.47*

0.30*

  1. * P < 0.05.
  2. *† Suspect p value due to small number (9) of the group “other”.
  3. Table 5 show the association between the SBT items and the tree BQ items pain, anxiety and depression. The correlation coefficient is moderate to high between the SBT bothersomeness item and the tree BQ items. For most areas of complaint the correlation coefficient is moderate to high for BQ anxiety and depression vs SBT pessimistic expectations and depression. Spearman’s rho >0.5 is classified as a high if ≥5, medium if 0.3-0.5 and low if <0.3.
Back to article page

Chiropractic & Manual Therapies

ISSN: 2045-709X