Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
First author, year | Design | Setting | Participants | Partialandcomplete ACL tear prevalence % (n) | Complete ACL tear prevalence % (n) | Reference standard(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beldame, 2011 [23] | Prospective | University hospital, France. | *112 patient/knees with an indication for knee arthroscopy. | 37.5% (42) | 28.5% (32) | Arthroscopy |
Boeree, 1991 [24] | Prospective | Orthopaedic clinic, UK. | 203 patient/knees referred from GPs or the A&E. | 29.1% (51) | nr | MRI |
Decker, 1988 [33] | Prospective | Hospital, Germany. | †108 patient/knees suspected to have knee ligament injury. | 61.1% (66) | nr | Arthroscopy/Surgery |
Harilainen, 1987 [25] | Unclear | Emergency department, Finland. | †350 patient/knees with acute knee injury. | 41.7% (146) | nr | Arthroscopy/Arthrotomy |
Katz, 1986 [26] | Retrospective | Community hospital, USA. | 85 participant/knees with knee injuries presenting for arthroscopy. | 25.9% (22) | nr | Arthroscopy |
Lee, 1988 [27] | Retrospective | Orthopaedic department of a hospital, USA. | 79 magnetic resonance studies of the knee were reviewed. | 29.1% (22) | nr | MRI |
Lucie, 1984 [28] | Prospective | Orthopaedic clinic, USA. | 50 patient/knees with acute traumatic knee haemarthrosis. | 76.0% (38) | nr | Arthroscopy/Arthrotomy |
Mulligan, 2011 [29] | Prospective | Orthopaedic surgery and sports medicine service, USA. | *†52 patient/knees with a complaint of knee pain referred from emergency department. | 44.2% (23) | nr | Arthroscopy |
Noyes, 1980 [30] | Prospective | Orthopaedic/Sports medicine knee clinic, USA. | *85 injured knees (83 patients) that had traumatic haemarthrosis. | 71.8% (61) | 43.5% (37) | Arthroscopy |
Richter, 1996 [34] | Prospective | Hospital, Germany. | 74 patient/knees with effusion of the knee following trauma. | 78.4% (58) | 64.9% (48) | Arthroscopy |
Schwartz, 1997 [35] | Prospective | Hospital, Germany. | 58 patient/knees with acute knee injury. | 81.0% (47) | 65.5% (38) | Arthroscopy |
Tonino, 1986 [31] | Unclear | Hospital, Netherlands. | *66 patient/knees with acute symptoms of a ligamentous lesion of the knee after trauma. | 45.5% (30) | nr | Arthroscopy |
Wagemakers, 2010 [19] | Prospective | GP clinics, Netherlands. | *134 patient/knees with new knee symptoms. | 20.9% (28) | 12.7% (17) | MRI |
Wong, 1999 [32] | Prospective | Orthopaedic department of a hospital, Hong Kong. | 91 patient/knees with an acute knee haemarthrosis. | nr | 56.0% (51) | Arthroscopy |