Group | Intervention | Movement | Mean pre readings (degrees) | Mean post readings (degrees) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group 1 | Lumbar spine manipulation | Lumbar Left Rotation | 4.95 | 5.33 | 0.026 |
 | Lumbar Right Rotation | 4.88 | 5.34 | 0.005 | |
 | Lumbar Flexion | 56.73 | 57.14 | 0.173 | |
 | Lumbar Extension | 24.24 | 24.73 | 0.121 | |
 | Lumbar Right Lateral Flexion | 25.45 | 25.73 | 0.107 | |
 | Lumbar Left Lateral Flexion | 25.01 | 25.78 | 0.130 | |
 | Sacro-iliac motion (all) |  |  | >0.05 | |
Group 2 | SI joint manipulation | Lumbar Left Rotation | 5.78 | 5.83 | 0.224 |
 | Lumbar Right Rotation | 5.88 | 5.98 | 0.343 | |
 | Lumbar Flexion | 57.34 | 57.34 | No change | |
 | Lumbar Extension | 24.83 | 24.93 | 0.343 | |
 | Lumbar Right Lateral Flexion | 26.69 | 26.69 | No change | |
 | Lumbar Left Lateral Flexion | 26.61 | 26.61 | No change | |
 | Sacro-iliac motion (all) |  |  | >0.05 | |
Group 3 | Lumbar spine and SI joint manipulation | Lumbar Extension | 24.6 | 25.81 | 0.014 |
 | Lumbar Flexion | 56.49 | 56.69 | 0.162 | |
 | Lumbar Left Rotation | 4.89 | 5.59 | 0.001 | |
 | Lumbar Right Rotation | 4.95 | 5.62 | 0.005 | |
 | Lumbar Right Lateral Flexion | 25.9 | 26.11 | 0.094 | |
 | Lumbar Left Lateral Flexion | 25.61 | 26.13 | 0.125 | |
 | Right SI joint flexion | 7.305 | 7.98 | 0.024 | |
 | All other SI motion |  |  | >0.05 | |
Group 4 | Sham laser | Lumbar Extension | 24.7 | 24.7 | No change |
 | Lumbar Flexion | 58.68 | 58.68 | No change | |
 | Lumbar Left Rotation | 5.26 | 5.49 | 0.269 | |
 | Lumbar Right Rotation | 5.43 | 5.57 | 0.150 | |
 | Lumbar Right Lateral Flexion | 26.24 | 26.24 | No change | |
 | Lumbar Left Lateral Flexion | 26.16 | 26.16 | No change | |
 | Sacro-iliac motion (all) |  |  | >0.05 |