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Table 2 Mean measurements for LMM and ICC values for study objective 1–4

From: Reliability of diagnostic ultrasound in measuring the multifidus muscle

Objective 1 Interexaminer reliability of measuring LMM thickness using one still image

Mean LLM thickness examiner 1

Mean LLM thickness examiner 2

ICC average

ICC individual

27.9 mm ± 3.2 mm

27.9 mm ± 3.2 mm

0.999 (0.997-0.999)

0.997 (0.994-0.999)

Objective 2 Interexaminer reliability of measuring LMM contraction using two sets of still images.

Mean relaxed LLM thickness examiner 1 (distance 1)

Mean relaxed LLM thickness examiner 2 (distance 1)

ICC average

ICC individual

28.9 mm ± 6.4 mm

29.0 mm ± 6.1 mm

0.97 (0.94-0.99)

0.95 (0.89-0.98)

Mean contracted LLM thickness examiner 1 (distance 2)

Mean contracted LLM thickness examiner 2 (distance 2)

ICC average

ICC individual

32.1 mm ± 7.0 mm

32.0 mm ± 6.7 mm

0.97 (0.94-0.99)

0.95 (0.90-0.98)

Distance 2–1 examiner 1

Distance 2–1 examiner 1

ICC average

ICC individual

3.1 mm ± 2.2 mm

3.0 mm ± 2.0 mm

0.98 (0.96-0.99)

0.97 (0.92-0.98)

Objective 3 Intraexaminer reliabilty of measuring LMM contraction using 2 sets of still images taken on 2 different days.

Mean relaxed LLM thickness (distance 1 day 1)

Mean relaxed LLM thickness (distance 1 day 2)

ICC average

ICC individual

28.4 mm ± 5.3 mm

28.4 mm ± 4.8 mm

0.99 (0.97-0.99)

0.97 (0.94-0-99)

Mean contracted LLM thickness (distance 2 day 1)

Mean contracted LLM thickness (distance 2 day 2)

ICC average

ICC individual

29.7 mm ± 6.0 mm

29.6 mm ± 5.5 mm

0.97 (0.93-0.99)

0.94 (0.88-0.97)

Distance 2–1 day 1

Distance 2–1 day 2

ICC average

ICC individual

1.4 mm ± 1.7 mm

1.3 mm ± 1.7 mm

0.97 (0.93-0.99)

0.94 (0.88-0.97)

Objective 4 Measuring LMM contraction before and after a motor task on two sets of still images.

Mean relaxed LLM thickness (distance 1 before task)

Mean contracted LLM thickness (distance 2 before task)

Mean relaxed LLM thickness (distance 1 after task)

Mean contracted LLM thickness (distance 2 after task)

30.6 mm ± 5.5 mm

34.1 mm ± 6.6 mm

29.9 mm ± 5.3 mm

34.6 mm ± 6.4 mm

Distance 2–1 before

Distance 2–1 after

ICC average

ICC individual

3.5 mm ± 2.6 mm

3.5 mm ± 2.5 mm

0.98 (0.97-0.99)

0.97 (0.94-0.99)