Table 2 Results of the single-stage clustering of chest pain data
Response option | Cluster1 | Cluster2 | Cluster3 | Cluster4 | Cluster5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subgroup label | Low activity limitation, high fear, few palpation findings | Typical and atypical angina, short episode, pectoral tenderness | No palpation findings | Female, high fear, diffuse anterior tenderness | Typical angina, short episode, high activity limitation, pectoral tenderness | |
Cluster Size | 32 % | 26 % | 24 % | 10 % | 7 % | |
Cluster membership probability, | Median (interquartile range) | 100 % (100 % to 100 %) | 100 % (100 % to 100 %) | 100 % (100 % to 100 %) | 100 % (100 % to 100 %) | 100 % (100 % to 100 %) |
Demographic domain | ||||||
Age | Mean (SD) | 51.5 (11.0) | 55.4 (9.4) | 55.3 (10.3) | 54.5 (10.2) | 59.0 (9.0) |
Gender | Female | 42 % | 33 % | 27 % | 93 % | 36 % |
Previous history domain | ||||||
Cardiovascular risk factor Index | Mean (SD) | 1.9 (1.1) | 2.1 (1.1) | 2.0 (1.2) | 2.1 (1.1) | 2.4 (0.9) |
Psychological domain | ||||||
Self-perceived ‘Pain from muscle or joints’ | Possibly | 43 % | 42 % | 36 % | 41 % | 43 % |
Yes | 31 % | 32 % | 12 % | 38 % | 30 % | |
Self-perceived ‘Pain from heart’ | Possibly | 39 % | 35 % | 37 % | 40 % | 32 % |
Yes | 22 % | 52 % | 47 % | 29 % | 59 % | |
Self-perceived ‘Afraid’ | Yes | 94 % | 69 % | 77 % | 92 % | 82 % |
Pain domain | ||||||
Episode duration | <10 min | 38 % | 72 % | 59 % | 50 % | 68 % |
10 min-1 hour | 20 % | 18 % | 21 % | 21 % | 19 % | |
>1 hour | 9 % | 4 % | 6 % | 7 % | 4 % | |
Continuous | 34 % | 7 % | 14 % | 22 % | 9 % | |
Pain description ‘crushing pain’ | Yes | 73 % | 92 % | 80 % | 82 % | 92 % |
Pain description ‘tenderness’ | Yes | 73 % | 73 % | 73 % | 73 % | 73 % |
Pain description ‘sharp pains’ | Yes | 29 % | 18 % | 16 % | 28 % | 26 % |
Pain description ‘well defined’ | Yes | 4 % | 4 % | 3 % | 3 % | 5 % |
Pain description ‘diffuse’ | Yes | 4 % | 10 % | 3 % | 2 % | 8 % |
Pain description ‘burning’ | Yes | 7 % | 4 % | 4 % | 8 % | 5 % |
Pain description ‘tingling’ | Yes | 7 % | 17 % | 9 % | 7 % | 10 % |
Activity limitation domain | ||||||
SF36 physical function sum-score | Mean (SD) | 70.8 (9.9) | 67.0 (9.4) | 66.8 (11.9) | 58.9 (16.2) | 28.6 (8.9) |
Diagnostic classification domain | ||||||
Danish Cardiologist’s Society classification ‘angina’ | No angina | 45 % | 3 % | 23 % | 38 % | 8 % |
Typical | 9 % | 52 % | 31 % | 27 % | 77 % | |
Atypical | 17 % | 32 % | 24 % | 15 % | 6 % | |
Uncharacteristic | 30 % | 14 % | 21 % | 20 % | 10 % | |
Unstable | 0 % | 0 % | 1 % | 0 % | 0 % | |
Canadian Cardiovascular Society classification | Grade 0 | 65 % | 12 % | 27 % | 35 % | 3 % |
Grade 1 | 29 % | 35 % | 42 % | 41 % | 21 % | |
Grade 2 | 6 % | 48 % | 30 % | 23 % | 63 % | |
Grade 3 | 0 % | 4 % | 1 % | 1 % | 12 % | |
Palpation domain | ||||||
Sternoxiphoid springing tenderness | Yes | 16 % | 1 % | 9 % | 38 % | 0 % |
Costosternal springing tenderness 2/3 right | Yes | 11 % | 2 % | 0 % | 42 % | 5 % |
Costosternal springing tenderness 2/3 left | Yes | 15 % | 1 % | 0 % | 45 % | 3 % |
Costosternal springing tenderness 3/4 right | Yes | 14 % | 0 % | 1 % | 45 % | 5 % |
Costosternal springing tenderness 3/4 left | Yes | 22 % | 0 % | 0 % | 52 % | 3 % |
Costosternal springing tenderness 4/5 right | Yes | 15 % | 0 % | 1 % | 57 % | 3 % |
Costosternal springing tenderness 4/5 left | Yes | 45 % | 0 % | 1 % | 62 % | 5 % |
Costosternal springing tenderness 5/6 right | Yes | 11 % | 1 % | 1 % | 57 % | 3 % |
Costosternal springing tenderness 5/6 left | Yes | 30 % | 1 % | 3 % | 59 % | 0 % |
sternoxiphoid springing pain | Yes | 3 % | 0 % | 3 % | 7 % | 0 % |
Costosternal springing pain 2/3 right | Yes | 2 % | 1 % | 0 % | 7 % | 2 % |
Costosternal springing pain 2/3 left | Yes | 3 % | 1 % | 0 % | 8 % | 0 % |
Costosternal springing pain 3/4 right | Yes | 3 % | 0 % | 1 % | 9 % | 2 % |
Costosternal springing pain 3/4 left | Yes | 8 % | 0 % | 0 % | 8 % | 0 % |
Costosternal springing pain 4/5 right | Yes | 3 % | 0 % | 0 % | 14 % | 2 % |
Costosternal springing pain 4/5 left | Yes | 19 % | 0 % | 0 % | 12 % | 0 % |
Costosternal springing pain 5/6 right | Yes | 3 % | 0 % | 0 % | 10 % | 0 % |
Costosternal springing pain 5/6 left | Yes | 16 % | 0 % | 0 % | 12 % | 0 % |
Muscle tenderness pectoralis major left | Tenderness | 26 % | 72 % | 8 % | 47 % | 61 % |
Pain | 4 % | 23 % | 2 % | 18 % | 22 % | |
Muscle tenderness pectoralis minor left | Tenderness | 34 % | 82 % | 4 % | 61 % | 77 % |
Pain | 6 % | 11 % | 1 % | 15 % | 8 % | |
Muscle tenderness intercostal 2/3 left | Tenderness | 15 % | 50 % | 1 % | 69 % | 55 % |
Pain | 0 % | 3 % | 0 % | 8 % | 5 % | |
Muscle tenderness intercostal 3/4 left | Tenderness | 20 % | 30 % | 0 % | 80 % | 25 % |
Pain | 2 % | 0 % | 0 % | 7 % | 2 % | |
Muscle tenderness intercostal 4/5 left | Tenderness | 26 % | 13 % | 1 % | 86 % | 13 % |
Pain | 8 % | 1 % | 0 % | 10 % | 2 % | |
Muscle tenderness intercostal 5/6 left | Tenderness | 33 % | 5 % | 2 % | 78 % | 5 % |
Pain | 9 % | 0 % | 0 % | 15 % | 0 % | |
Muscle tenderness intercostal 6/7 left | Tenderness | 22 % | 1 % | 1 % | 75 % | 3 % |
Pain | 7 % | 0 % | 0 % | 13 % | 0 % | |
Muscle tenderness pectoralis major right | Tenderness | 20 % | 71 % | 9 % | 49 % | 73 % |
Pain | 2 % | 22 % | 0 % | 18 % | 13 % | |
Muscle tenderness pectoralis minor right | Tenderness | 23 % | 76 % | 3 % | 60 % | 73 % |
Pain | 1 % | 9 % | 0 % | 15 % | 12 % | |
Muscle tenderness intercostal 2/3 right | Tenderness | 13 % | 48 % | 0 % | 76 % | 54 % |
Pain | 1 % | 0 % | 0 % | 7 % | 2 % | |
Muscle tenderness intercostal 3/4 right | Tenderness | 10 % | 25 % | 1 % | 81 % | 25 % |
Pain | 1 % | 0 % | 0 % | 5 % | 2 % | |
Muscle tenderness intercostal 4/5 right | Tenderness | 12 % | 9 % | 0 % | 88 % | 5 % |
Pain | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % | 7 % | 0 % | |
Muscle tenderness intercostal 5/6 right | Tenderness | 14 % | 4 % | 0 % | 82 % | 0 % |
Pain | 0 % | 0 % | 0 % | 10 % | 0 % | |
Muscle tenderness intercostal 6/7 right | Tenderness | 8 % | 2 % | 0 % | 79 % | 0 % |
Pain | 1 % | 0 % | 0 % | 10 % | 0 % | |
Tenderness c4/5 paraspinal posterior | Yes | 10 % | 5 % | 2 % | 27 % | 3 % |
Tenderness c5/6 paraspinal posterior | Yes | 16 % | 8 % | 4 % | 26 % | 3 % |
Tenderness c6/7 paraspinal posterior | Yes | 14 % | 5 % | 3 % | 17 % | 3 % |
Tenderness c7/th1 paraspinal posterior | Yes | 7 % | 11 % | 1 % | 18 % | 10 % |
Tenderness th1/2 paraspinal posterior | Yes | 14 % | 27 % | 3 % | 29 % | 38 % |
Tenderness th2/3 paraspinal posterior | Yes | 29 % | 50 % | 5 % | 50 % | 64 % |
Tenderness th3/4 paraspinal posterior | Yes | 37 % | 46 % | 3 % | 58 % | 47 % |
Tenderness th4/5 paraspinal posterior | Yes | 45 % | 24 % | 3 % | 56 % | 29 % |
Tenderness th5/6 paraspinal posterior | Yes | 46 % | 9 % | 2 % | 45 % | 13 % |
Tenderness th6/7 paraspinal posterior | Yes | 42 % | 2 % | 1 % | 40 % | 5 % |
Tenderness th7/8 paraspinal posterior | Yes | 27 % | 1 % | 1 % | 36 % | 3 % |
Tenderness th8/9 paraspinal posterior | Yes | 16 % | 1 % | 0 % | 22 % | 3 % |
Posterior vertebral springing th1/2 | Yes | 7 % | 4 % | 0 % | 5 % | 12 % |
Posterior vertebral springing th2/3 | Yes | 12 % | 29 % | 1 % | 14 % | 25 % |
Posterior vertebral springing th3/4 | Yes | 18 % | 37 % | 0 % | 31 % | 25 % |
Posterior vertebral springing th4/5 | Yes | 15 % | 19 % | 0 % | 31 % | 20 % |
Posterior vertebral springing th5/6 | Yes | 19 % | 6 % | 0 % | 16 % | 10 % |
Posterior vertebral springing th6/7 | Yes | 18 % | 1 % | 1 % | 16 % | 2 % |
Posterior vertebral springing th7/8 | Yes | 14 % | 1 % | 1 % | 14 % | 0 % |
Posterior vertebral springing th8/9 | Yes | 12 % | 0 % | 2 % | 19 % | 0 % |