Table 2 The validity of twenty-six studies on the use of primary prevention in chiropractic practice
From: Primary prevention in chiropractic practice: a systematic review
Articles 1st author Yr of publication Country of study | If prevention studied as main topic, was there a definition/explanation (in the introduction or the method)? (1 pt) | Were relevant questions or survey instrumenprovided? (1 pt) | Was there an attempt to assure quality of survey instrument? | DC attitudes and use | Reasons for consulting | Scores | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Opinions to PP -anonymous reporting/confidentiality (1 pt) | Use of PP -anonymous reporting/confidentiality (1 pt) | Reported by DC -actuarial reporting (1 pt) -approx. reporting (0 pt) | Reported by patient/ guardians -anonymous reporting/confidentiality (1 pt) | |||||
Walker (2000) [33] USA | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | Not reported (0 pt) | IR | IR | 1/3 |
Hawk (2001) [22] Australia Canada USA | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | Not reported (0 pt) | IR | Yes (1 pt) | 2/4 |
Hawk (2004) [17] USA | Yes “public health, clinical prevention, or health promotion” (1 pt) | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | 4/5 |
McDonald (2004) [34] Mexico USA Canada | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | Not reported (0 pt) | IR | IR | 1/3 |
Mootz (2005) [38] USA | IR | Available on request (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | Actuarial reporting (1 pt) | IR | 3/3 |
Alcantara (2008) [23] Several countries | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | Actuarial reporting (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | 3/4 |
Blum (2008) [18] Australia Europe USA | Yes Wellness: Optimizing health among self-identified healthy. Prev. Health: 1/Preventing illness among self-identified healthy 2/Preventing illness in people at risk (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | No (0 pt) | IR | IR | IR | Yes (1 pt) | 3/4 |
Malmqvist (2008) [35] Finland | IR | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | 3/3 |
Alcantara (2009) [24] Several countries | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | Actuarial reporting (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | 3/4 |
Hestbaek (2009) [37] Denmark | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | IR | Yes | 2/3 |
Alcantara (2010) [25] Several countries | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | Yes (1 pt) | Approximate reporting (0 pt) | IR | 2/4 |
Leach (2011) [28] USA | Yes Refers to ‘’Healthy people 2010” (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | 5/5 |
Marchand (2012) [26] Several European countries | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | Approximate reporting (0 pt) | IR | 1/3 |
French (2013) [39] Australia | IR | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | Actuarial reporting (1 pt) | IR | 3/3 |
Stuber (2013) [19] Canada | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | 2/3 |
Brown (2014) [40] Australia | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | IR | Yes (1 pt) | 2/3 |
McGregor (2014) [20] Canada | IR | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | IR | 3/3 |
Bussières (2015) [27] Canada | IR | No but very informative tables (0,5*pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | IR | 2.5/3 |
Blanchette (2015) [36] Canada | IR | No, but very informative tables (0,5*pt) | No (0 pt) | IR | Not reported (0 pt) | IR | IR | 0.5/3 |
Fikar (2015) [31] UK | Yes ‘’Promote health and wellness” (1 pt) | No (0 pt) | No (0 pt) | Probably yes (1 pt) | Probably yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | 3/5 |
Glithro (2015) [29] UK | Yes ‘’Early detection of pre-cancerous lesion” (1 pt) | No, but very informative tables (0,5*pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | 4.5/5 |
Schneider (2015) [30] USA | IR | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | IR | 3/3 |
Allen- Unhammer (2016) [21] Norway (Part1 – register study) | IR | IR | IR | IR | IR | Actuarial reporting (1 pt) | IR | 1/1 |
Allen- Unhammer (2016)[21] Norway (Part 2 – survey) | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | IR | Actuarial reporting (1 pt) | 2/3 |
Pohlman (2016) [41] Several Countries | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | Approximate reporting (0 pt) | IR | 1/3 |
Adams (2017) [32] Australia | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Not reported (0 pt) | IR | IR | IR | 1/3 |