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Table 2 Pre- and post- intervention clinical outcome measures

From: Chiropractic treatment including instrument-assisted manipulation for non-specific dizziness and neck pain in community-dwelling older people: a feasibility randomised sham-controlled trial

 

Sham group

Chiropractic group

Pre n = 11

Post n = 10

Pre n = 13

Post n = 12

Female (n)

5

(46%)

5

(50%)

6

(46%)

5

(42%)

Age (years)

72.55

(4.27)

72.9

(4.33)

74.23

(5.83)

73.75

(5.82)

Cognitive function (MoCA) (0–30)a

26.09

(1.92)

26.90

(1.60)

26.00

(2.16)

26.25

(2.67)

Dizziness (0–10) b

4.00

(3.58)

3.50

(2.88)

3.85

(2.12)

2.58

(2.64)

Dizziness handicap (DHI) (0–100)b

44.00

(16.97)

36.40

(20.11)

40.77

(12.48)

28.33

(14.37)

Joint pain (NRS-11) (0–10)b

2.27

(2.33)

3.30

(2.21)

2.69

(2.02)

2.92

(2.84)

Neck pain (NRS-11) (0–10)b

2.82

(1.78)

3.60

(2.12)

4.38

(2.36)

2.75

(2.49)

Neck pain (NDI) (0–100)b

24.18

(8.22)

22.80

(6.20)

24.94

(12.87)

19.07

(12.50)

Concerns of falling (FES-I) (16–64)b

29.00

(5.71)

26.70

(6.29)

26.00

(5.61)

24.42

(5.21)

SF12 PCS (0–100)c

36.20

(8.45)

40.18

(10.98)

42.12

(6.91)

43.96

(10.01)

SF12 MCS (0–100)c

49.20

(10.79)

49.98

(8.71)

47.76

(9.75)

52.90

(9.45)

Mood

 Depression (DASS) (0–21)b

8.55

(4.99)

7.20

(6.20)

5.38

(4.03)

3.50

(4.52)

 Anxiety (DASS) (0–21)b

8.73

(6.28)

6.20

(6.43)

6.00

(2.58)

4.50

(2.97)

 Stress (DASS) (0–21)b

10.73

(5.61)

7.60

(5.48)

9.08

(6.09)

8.33

(7.02)

Physical function

 Functional reach (cm)d

32.41

(5.90)

30.60

(10.30)

29.93

(11.75)

31.25

(8.37)

 Step test sum (n)d

27.09

(6.16)

26.10

(7.08)

25.46

(7.09)

26.08

(8.45)

 Four square step test (seconds)e

11.20

(2.51)

14.18

(8.24)

11.92

(2.95)

11.22

(3.18)

 Timed up & go (seconds)e

12.09

(2.87)

12.36

(4.11)

12.18

(2.70)

11.87

(3.67)

 Correctly identified which group they were allocated to (n)

  

5

(50%)

  

8

(67%)

 Treatment satisfaction (1–5)f

  

3.60

(0.70)

  

3.58

(1.00)

  1. Values displayed as mean(standard deviation) or number(percentage)
  2. M mean, SD standard deviation, MoCA Montreal cognitive assessment, NDI neck disability index, DHI dizziness handicap inventory, PCS physical health composite score, MCS mental health composite score, DASS depression anxiety and stress scale.
  3. aa lower score indicates reduced cognitive function
  4. ba higher score indicates greater symptoms
  5. ca higher score indicated greater quality of life
  6. da higher score indicates greater physical function
  7. ea faster time indicates greater physical function
  8. f1-I feel much worse 2-I feel worse 3-I feel the same 4-I feel better 5-I feel much better
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Chiropractic & Manual Therapies

ISSN: 2045-709X