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Table 2 Inter-observer agreement for general image quality assessment of the lumbar spine (> 4 wks) n = 50

From: European guidelines on quality criteria for diagnostic radiographic images of the lumbar spine – an intra- and inter-observer reproducibility study

Lumbar projection

Agreement

Expected Agreement

Kappa (k)

Standard Error

Z

Probability >Z

AP/PA

86.00%

66.00%

0.5882

0.1303

4.51

0.0000

Lat. L1-L4

86.00%

51.64%

0.7105

0.1370

5.19

0.0000

Lat. L5-S1

88.00%

60.76%

0.6942

0.1338

5.19

0.0000