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Table 3 Intra-observer agreement for image quality evaluations of the lumbar spine

From: European guidelines on quality criteria for diagnostic radiographic images of the lumbar spine – an intra- and inter-observer reproducibility study

  Agreement Expected Agreement Kappa (k) Standard Error Z Probability >Z
Observer A
 AP/PA 86.00% 66.32% 0.5843 0.1350 4.33 0.0000
 Lat. L1-L4 86.00% 49.52% 0.7227 0.1359 5.32 0.0000
 Lat. L5-S1 90.00% 65.24% 0.7123 0.1352 5.27 0.0000
Observer B
 AP/PA 86.00% 62.00% 0.6316 0.1358 4.65 0.0000
 Lat. L1-L4 88.00% 51.20% 0.7541 0.1370 5.50 0.0000
 Lat. L5-S1 84.00% 55.72% 0.6387 0.1356 4.71 0.0000