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Table 3 Statutory legislation in countries where chiropractic is legalized (N = 68)
| n | (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| The legal framework governing chiropractic is | ||
| National/Federal legislation (i.e. covers the entire country) | 43 | (63.2) |
| Regional/State/Provincial/Canton legislation | 2 | (2.9) |
| A combination of national/federal legislation with regional/state/provincial/canton rules | 3 | (4.4) |
| Missing | 20 | (29.4) |
| The chiropractic legislation stands alone | ||
| Yes | 13 | (19.1) |
| No | 55 | (80.9) |
| Missing | 0 | – |
| The legislation contains provision to establish a statutory regulator | ||
| Yes | 44 | (64.7) |
| No | 6 | (8.8) |
| Missing | 18 | (26.5) |
| A statutory regulator exists to set standards | ||
| Yes | 27 | (39.7) |
| Missing | 41 | (60.3) |
| Roles of the statutory regulatora | ||
| Maintain a statutory register | 22 | (32.4) |
| Set standards of ethics/conduct and proficiency | 22 | (32.4) |
| Set standards of education | 14 | (20.6) |
| Accredit educational programs | 12 | (17.7) |
| Set standards of continuing education | 11 | (16.2) |
| Set standards of health | 11 | (16.2) |
| Administer fitness to practice (disciplinary and health) hearings and impose sanctions | 18 | (26.5) |
| Missing | 41 | (60.3) |
| Regulations and/or rules under the legislation to provide for registration or licensure of chiropractors | ||
| National/federal level. | 39 | (57.4) |
| State/provincial level. | 3 | (4.4) |
| None | 8 | (11.8) |
| Missing | 18 | (26.5) |
| The legal framework contains provision for disciplinary/fitness to practise hearings | ||
| Yes | 31 | (45.6) |
| No | 10 | (14.7) |
| Missing | 27 | (39.7) |
| Practicing without a license/without being registered is an offence | ||
| Criminal offence | 13 | (19.1) |
| Civil offence | 15 | (22.1) |
| May practice but cannot use title | 1 | (1.5) |
| Missing | 39 | (57.4) |
| Sanctions available when a chiropractor has been found guilty of unacceptable professional conduct/serious professional misconduct under the legal frameworka | ||
| Removal from the register (striking off) | 23 | (12.0) |
| Admonishment | 21 | (11.0) |
| Written undertakings | 10 | (5.0) |
| Conditions of practice order | 12 | (6.0) |
| Suspension from practice | 21 | (11.0) |
| Financial penalty/fine | 11 | (6.0) |
| Other | 2 | (1.0) |
| Missing | 42 | (61.8) |
