Concurrent validity of lower extremity kinematics and jump characteristics captured in pre-school children by a markerless 3D motion capture system

Harsted, Steen; Holsgaard-Larsen, Anders; Hestbæk, Lise; Boyle, Eleanor; Lauridsen, Henrik Hein

doi:10.1186/s12998-019-0261-z

Chiropractic & Manual Therapies

Table 3 Concurrent reliability and agreement estimates between the Captury and Vicon systems when measuring lower extremity point and peak kinematics in squats and standing broad jumps

From: Concurrent validity of lower extremity kinematics and jump characteristics captured in pre-school children by a markerless 3D motion capture system

Compared Values	Agreement				Reliability
Compared Values	LLoA	MD	ULoA	Precision Span	ICC(2,1) A [CI]	ICC(2,1) C [CI]
Ankle Dorsi Flexion (°)
Squats
Maximum values	−16.0	−3.5	8.9	± 12.4^e	0.69^c [0.23;0.93]	0.74^c [0.30;0.94]
Minimum values	−11.9	0.7	13.3	± 12.6^e	0.62^c [0.06;0.92]	0.63^c [0.07;0.93]
Deepest position in squat	−17.0	−2.0	13.0	± 15.0^f	0.68^c [0.26;0.92]	0.70^c [0.31;0.93]
Midpoint in descent	−3.5	3.5	10.5	± 7.0^e	0.75^b [0.38;0.94]	0.85^b [0.55;0.97]
Jumps
Maximum values	−22.6	−8.2	6.2	± 14.4^f	0.38^d [0.00;0.69]	0.58^c [0.00;0.91]
Minimum values	−12.6	19.3	51.3	± 31.9^h	0.22^d [0.00;0.51]	0.44^d [0.00;0.84]
Deepest position in landing	−22.7	−5.7	11.3	± 17.0^f	0.62^c [0.00;0.96]	0.69^c [0.00;0.97]
Landing Impact	−15.1	5.5	26.1	± 20.6^g	0.70^c [0.29;0.94]	0.76^b [0.39;0.96]
Ankle Hip Separation Distance Ratio (ratio)
Squats
Maximum values	−0.29	− 0.01	0.28	± 0.29^e	0.89^b [0.72;0.97]	0.89^b [0.72;0.97]
Minimum values	−0.29	− 0.01	0.28	± 0.29^e	0.86^b [0.59;0.98]	0.88^b [0.66;0.98]
Deepest position in squat	−0.27	0.01	0.30	± 0.29^e	0.89^b [0.64;0.98]	0.89^b [0.66;0.98]
Midpoint in descent	−0.27	0.01	0.30	± 0.29^e	0.91^a [0.78;0.98]	0.92^a [0.79;0.98]
Jumps
Maximum values	−0.57	0.05	0.68	± 0.62^f	0.94^a [0.82;0.99]	0.95^a [0.86;0.99]
Minimum values	−0.31	0.04	0.38	± 0.34^e	0.73^c [0.00;0.96]	0.74^c [0.00;0.97]
Deepest position in landing	−0.41	0.07	0.55	± 0.48^e	0.89^b [0.59;0.99]	0.90^a [0.63;0.99]
Landing Impact	−0.43	0.05	0.53	± 0.48^e	0.95^a [0.74;0.99]	0.95^a [0.75;1.00]
Frontal Plane Knee Angle (°)
Squats
Maximum values	−11.0	−0.6	9.7	± 10.3^e	0.88^b [0.73;0.95]	0.87^b [0.75;0.96]
Minimum values	−4.4	1.7	7.8	± 6.1^e	0.65^c [0.11;0.94]	0.70^c [0.14;0.96]
Deepest position in squat	−11.0	3.3	17.6	± 14.3^f	0.78^b [0.50;0.94]	0.82^b [0.56;0.95]
Midpoint in descent	−6.7	1.4	9.5	± 8.1^e	0.78^b [0.34;0.95]	0.80^b [0.38;0.97]
Jumps
Maximum values	−19.6	−1.2	17.3	± 18.5^g	0.72^c [0.06;0.98]	0.73^c [0.06;0.99]
Minimum values	−7.2	2.1	11.4	± 9.3^e	0.81^b [0.41;0.98]	0.84^b [0.47;0.99]
Deepest position in landing	−18.7	−0.3	18.1	± 18.4^g	0.54^c [0.01;0.89]	0.56^c [0.01;0.90]
Landing Impact	−9.6	−0.1	9.4	± 9.5^e	0.80^b [0.51;0.95]	0.81^b [0.53;0.95]
Frontal Plane Knee Deviation (mm)
Squats
Maximum values	−41.7	−8.6	24.6	± 33.2^e	0.90^a [0.76;0.97]	0.92^a [0.79;0.98]
Minimum values	−18.1	4.3	26.7	± 22.4^e	0.58^c [0.14;0.87]	0.61^c [0.15;0.88]
Deepest position in squat	−44.5	−0.8	42.9	± 43.7^f	0.89^b [0.75;0.97]	0.90^b [0.76;0.97]
Midpoint in descent	−25.5	3.5	32.5	± 29.0^e	0.85^b [0.59;0.96]	0.86^b [0.63;0.96]
Jumps
Maximum values	−78.7	−13.7	51.4	± 65.1^g	0.47^d [0.00;0.89]	0.51^c [0.00;0.91]
Minimum values	−18.9	9.5	38.0	± 28.4^e	0.45^d [0.04;0.82]	0.53^c [0.06;0.87]
Deepest position in landing	−88.8	−3.4	82.0	± 85.4^h	0.45^d [0.00;0.80]	0.46^d [0.00;0.81]
Landing Impact	−37.7	−1.6	34.4	± 36.0^e	0.54^c [0.01;0.80]	0.56^c [0.01;0.82]
Frontal Plane Projection Angle (°)
Squats
Maximum values	− 142.2	−42.4	57.3	± 99.8^h	0.52^c [0.06;0.91]	0.63^c [0.12;0.96]
Minimum values	−90.3	30.6	151.5	±120.9^h	0.35^d [0.00;0.98]	0.38^d [0.00;0.98]
Deepest position in squat	−170.1	−24.9	120.2	±145.2^h	0.57^c [0.00;0.91]	0.61^c [0.00;0.95]
Midpoint in descent	−16.3	1.5	19.2	± 17.8^g	0.84^b [0.58;0.95]	0.85^b [0.62;0.98]
Jumps
Maximum values	−84.3	−12.0	60.3	± 72.3^h	0.62^c [0.00;0.97]	0.66^c [0.00;0.98]
Minimum values	−53.3	15.9	85.0	± 69.2^h	0.44^d [0.03;0.99]	0.49^c [0.05;1.00]
Deepest position in landing	−158.3	14.8	187.8	±173.1^h	0.37^d [0.00;0.94]	0.39^d [0.00;0.95]
Landing Impact	−47.9	−1.2	45.5	± 46.7^h	0.51^c [0.00;0.83]	0.53^c [0.00;0.86]
Hip Flexion (°)
Squats
Maximum values	−34.4	2.5	39.5	± 37.0^h	0.51^c [0.00;0.86]	0.53^c [0.00;0.86]
Minimum values	−34.4	−5.8	22.7	± 28.5^h	0.47^d [0.00;0.81]	0.54^c [0.00;0.91]
Deepest position in squat	−32.1	3.9	40.0	± 36.0^h	0.49^d [0.00;0.86]	0.51^c [0.00;0.87]
Midpoint in descent	−29.8	0.7	31.2	± 30.5^h	0.60^c [0.15;0.85]	0.61^c [0.16;0.87]
Jumps
Maximum values	−31.5	9.9	51.2	± 41.4^h	0.25^d [0.00;0.62]	0.32^d [0.00;0.74]
Minimum values	−26.6	−2.7	21.2	± 23.9^h	0.53^c [0.00;0.89]	0.55^c [0.00;0.90]
Deepest position in landing	−27.6	12.8	53.2	± 40.4^h	0.50^d [0.08;0.80]	0.60^c [0.10;0.91]
Landing Impact	−21.5	14.8	51.1	± 36.3^h	0.32^d [0.00;0.68]	0.45^d [0.00;0.86]
Knee Flexion (°)
Squats
Maximum values	−23.6	−11.7	0.2	± 11.9^e	0.83^b [0.63;0.94]	0.96^a [0.89;0.99]
Minimum values	−27.9	−8.2	11.5	± 19.7^g	0.52^c [0.10;0.79]	0.68^c [0.12;0.94]
Deepest position in squat	−23.6	−11.7	0.2	± 11.9^e	0.83^b [0.63;0.94]	0.96^a [0.89;0.99]
Midpoint in descent	−11.5	−5.6	0.3	± 5.9^e	0.84^b [0.64;0.94]	0.96^a [0.89;0.99]
Jumps
Maximum values	−25.7	−5.6	14.6	± 20.1^g	0.85^b [0.63;0.96]	0.89^b [0.68;0.97]
Minimum values	−23.2	−6.4	10.4	± 16.8^f	0.55^c [0.15;0.81]	0.66^c [0.21;0.90]
Deepest position in landing	−23.6	−7.2	9.3	± 16.5^f	0.91^a [0.76;0.98]	0.94^a [0.83;0.99]
Landing Impact	−25.8	−2.1	21.6	± 23.7^h	0.74^c [0.15;0.96]	0.76^b [0.15;0.97]
Knee Hip Separation Distance Ratio (ratio)
Squats
Maximum values	−0.44	−0.03	0.38	± 0.41^e	0.93^a [0.82;0.99]	0.93^a [0.82;0.99]
Minimum values	−0.18	0.08	0.34	± 0.26^e	0.76^b [0.53;0.94]	0.82^b [0.62;0.96]
Deepest position in squat	−0.39	− 0.01	0.41	± 0.40^e	0.94^a [0.86;0.99]	0.95^a [0.86;0.99]
Midpoint in descent	−0.39	−0.01	0.41	± 0.40^e	0.88^b [0.63;0.98]	0.89^b [0.67;0.98]
Jumps
Maximum values	−0.50	− 0.01	0.47	± 0.48^e	0.87^b [0.63;0.97]	0.88^b [0.64;0.97]
Minimum values	−0.26	0.07	0.41	± 0.34^e	0.69^c [0.29;0.91]	0.73^c [0.32;0.92]
Deepest position in landing	−0.39	0.05	0.48	± 0.44^e	0.86^b [0.52;0.97]	0.87^b [0.54;0.98]
Landing Impact	−0.35	0.06	0.47	± 0.41^e	0.89^b [0.61;0.99]	0.90^b [0.64;0.99]
Knee Varus (°)
Squats
Maximum values	−27.6	−6.5	14.7	± 21.1^g	0.30^d [0.00;0.66]	0.38^d [0.00;0.73]
Minimum values	−19.5	−0.7	18.1	± 18.8^g	0.45^d [0.00;0.78]	0.46^d [0.00;0.80]
Deepest position in squat	−37.3	−8.0	21.2	± 29.2^h	0.29^d [0.00;0.72]	0.34^d [0.00;0.78]
Midpoint in descent	−37.4	−5.7	26.0	± 31.7^h	0.33^d [0.00;0.70]	0.38^d [0.00;0.81]

Note:
LLoA Lower Limits of Agreement, MD Mean Difference, ULoA Upper Limits of Agreement, ICC (2,1) A Intraclass Correlation of Absolute Agreement, ICC (2,1) C Intraclass Correlation of Consistency of Agreement, CI 95% Confidence Interval.
Evaluation of intraclass correlation estimates: ^a Excellent; ^b Good; ^c Moderate; ^d Poor.
Evaluation of precision span estimates: ^e Good; ^f Acceptable; ^g Questionable; ^h Invalid.

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ISSN: 2045-709X

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