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Table 1 Twitter searches performed in Talkwalker. Searches #1–13 were conducted over three months between January 01/01/2020 to March 31, 2020. Search #14 (not listed here) was a replicate of Search #1 conducted over the 12 months before March 31, 2020

From: Misinformation about spinal manipulation and boosting immunity: an analysis of Twitter activity during the COVID-19 crisis

#

Search components

Specific search terms

1

[procedures] OR [professions] AND [immun*]

(adjust* OR manipulat* OR smt OR chiro* OR physio* OR “physical therap*” OR naturo* OR osteo* OR napra*) AND immun*

2

[procedures] AND [immun*]

(adjust* OR manipulat* OR smt) AND immun*

3

[professions] AND [immun*]

(chiro* OR physio* OR “physical therap*” OR naturo* OR osteo* OR napra*) AND immun*

4

[procedures] OR [chiropractic] AND [immun*]

(adjust* OR manipulat* OR smt OR chiro*) AND immun*

5

[procedures] OR [physiotherapy] AND [immun*]

(adjust* OR manipulat* OR smt OR physio* OR “physical therap*”) AND immun*

6

[procedures] OR [naturopathy] AND [immun*]

(adjust* OR manipulat* OR smt OR naturo*) AND immun*

7

[procedures] OR [osteopathy] AND [immun*]

(adjust* OR manipulat* OR smt OR osteo*) AND immun*

8

[procedures] OR [naprapathy] AND [immun*]

(adjust* OR manipulat* OR smt OR napra*) AND immun*

9

[chiropractic] AND [immun*]

chiro* AND immun*

10

[physiotherapy] AND [immun*]

(physio* OR “physical therap*”) AND immun*

11

[naturopathy] AND [immun*]

naturo* AND immun*

12

[osteopathy] AND [immun*]

osteo* AND immun*

13

[naprapathy] AND [immun*]

napra* AND immun*