1. Duration of symptoms < 16 days | 2. Pain associated with coughing or sneezing |
3. Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire work scale score less than 19 out of a high of 42 (low fear category) | 4. A history including a good response to previous spinal manipulation |
5. At least one hip with > 35 degrees of internal rotation | 6. Patient has an acute condition (<  14 days) |
7. Hypomobility in the lumbar spine | 8. Patient has a subacute condition (>  3 months) |
9. No symptoms distal to the knee | 10. Patient has a chronic condition (>  3 months) |
11. Morning stiffness ≤30 mins | 12. Age 10–30 |
13. Morning stiffness > 30 mins | 14. Age 31–49 |
15. Pain improves with exercise, but not rest | 16. Age 50+ |
17. Pain on waking, duration > 30 mins | 18. Female |
19. Pain on waking, duration ≤30 mins | 20. Male |
21. Pain wakes the patient at night | 22. Patient BMI < 35 |
23. Experiences stiffness after rest (gel phenomenon) | 24. Patient BMI ≥ 35 |
25. Pain present at all times | 26. Professional opinion of health status – fair/poor |
27. Pain intermittently during the day | 28. Professional opinion of health status – good |
29. Pain develops later in the day | 30. Professional opinion of health status – excellent/ very good |
31. Pain associated with standing for a while | 32. Patient experiencing depression |
33. Pain associated with lifting | 34. Patient experiences anxiety |
35. Pain associated with bending forward a little | 36. Patient is stressed |
37. Pain associated with bending forward as far as they can | 38. Good patient – practitioner relationship |
39. Pain associated with arching backwards | 40. Patient has a comprehensive understanding of condition |
41. Pain associated with doing or attempting to do a sit up | 42. Previous episode of NSLBP in patient history |
43. Pain associated with driving long distances | 44. Pain affecting activities of daily living |
45. Pain associated with getting out of chair | 46. Patient responds well to anti-inflammatory medicine |
47. Pain associated with repetitive bending | 48. Decreased active range of motion |
49. Pain associated with running | 50. Decreased passive range of motion |
51. No symptoms in the lower extremities | 52. Pain severity ≤5/10 |
53. Pain severity rated > 5/10 | 54. Recurrent attack of pain |
55. First episode of pain |