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Table 3 Differences between low back pain trajectories in change of pressure pain threshold and temporal summation after lumbar manual therapy intervention

From: Pressure pain threshold and temporal summation in adults with episodic and persistent low back pain trajectories: a secondary analysis at baseline and after lumbar manipulation or sham

Testing site and time

Adjusted marginal means (95% CI)

Between-group (time x trajectory) p value

Episodic LBP

Persistent LBP

Calf PPT (kg/cm2)

 Baseline

4.44 (3.48–5.40)

4.23 (3.65–4.82)

–

 Immediate

4.40 (3.48–5.32)

4.31 (3.74–4.89)

.537

 15 min

4.42 (3.51–5.32)

4.31 (3.75–4.87)

.663

 30 min

4.51 (3.59–5.44)

4.43 (3.86–5.01)

.652

Lumbar PPT (kg/cm2)

 Baseline

5.92 (4.48–7.36)

4.95 (4.17–5.72)

–

 Immediate

5.96 (4.54–7.38)

5.22 (4.42–6.02)

.261

 15 min

5.68 (4.32–7.03)

5.35 (4.54–6.17)

.025*

 30 min

5.65 (4.28–7.02)

5.21 (4.40–6.02)

.157

Shoulder PPT (kg/cm2)

 Baseline

3.17 (2.49–3.85)

2.88 (2.48–3.27)

–

 Immediate

3.28 (2.59–3.97)

3.20 (2.77–3.63)

.128

 15 min

3.04 (2.39–3.69)

3.15 (2.72–3.58)

.026*

 30 min

3.04 (2.36–3.71)

3.18 (2.73–3.62)

.058

Hands TS (0–100)

 Baseline

9.40 (4.74–14.06)

8.42 (5.47–11.38)

–

 Immediate

8.38 (3.88–12.88)

7.60 (4.75–10.45)

.887

 15 min

8.49 (4.12–12.86)

7.64 (4.87–10.40)

.934

 30 min

6.41 (2.13–10.69)

6.05 (3.35–8.76)

.691

Feet TS (0–100)

 Baseline

11.74 (6.17–17.30)

13.42 (9.90–16.95)

–

 Immediate

11.21 (6.30–16.13)

10.66 (7.55–13.77)

.175

 15 min

7.75 (3.36–12.14)

9.37 (6.59–12.15)

.971

 30 min

6.59 (2.54–10.64)

8.49 (5.92–11.05)

.931

  1. Abbreviations: LBP low back pain, PPT pressure pain threshold, TS temporal summation
  2. *p < .05