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Table 6 Within and between changes in quantitative sensory tests for each latent profile derived cluster after spinal manipulation

From: Spinal manipulation and modulation of pain sensitivity in persistent low back pain: a secondary cluster analysis of a randomized trial

Quantitative sensory testing

 

Baseline to Post-SM

Baseline to Follow up

  

Sensitized

Not sensitized

Sensitized

Not sensitized

Regional pressure pain threshold

Within-group changes

123 (72 to 174)*

52 (18 to 86)*

103 (52 to 155)*

52 (18 to 87)*

Between-group differences

−71(− 132 to −9)*

− 51(− 113 to 11)

Regional heat pain threshold

Within-group changes

0.1(−0.7 to 0.9)

0.2(− 0.3 to 0.7)

0.8(− 0.1 to 1.6)

0.6 (0 to 1.1)*

Between-group differences

0.1(−0.9 to 1)

−0.2(− 1.1 to 0.8)

Remote pressure pain threshold

Within-group changes

−1(− 4.1 to 2.1)

0.8(− 1.3 to 2.8)

2.3(− 0.8 to 5.3)

1.8(− 0.3 to 3.8)

Between-group differences

1.8(− 2 to 5.5)

− 0.5(− 4.2 to 3.2)

Remote pressure pain tolerance

Within-group changes

3.7(− 1 to 8.4)

− 0.1(− 3.1 to 3)

7.9 (3.3 to 12.5)*

3(−0.1 to 6.1)

Between-group differences

−3.8(− 9.4 to 1.8)

− 4.9(− 10.4 to 0.7)

Temporal summation

Within-group changes

0.6 (0.1 to 1)*

−0.3(− 0.6 to 0)

0.6 (0.2 to 1.1)*

− 0.2(− 0.5 to 0.1)

Between-group differences

− 0.8(− 1.3 to − 0.3)*

−0.8(− 1.4 to − 0.3)*

Conditioned pain modulation

Within-group changes

0(− 3.9 to 3.9)

0.3(−2.2 to 2.9)

−0.8(− 4.6 to 3.1)

0.6(− 2 to 3.1)

Between-group differences

0.3(−4.3 to 5)

1.3(− 3.3 to 5.9)

  1. Mean within-cluster changes (95% Confidence intervals) and mean between-cluster differences (95% confidence intervals) from baseline to post-SM and follow up, respectively, in the two groups derived from latent profile analysis. PPT: Regional pressure pain threshold [kPa, 0–1000]. HPT: Regional heat pain threshold [Degrees celsius, 32–50], rPPT: Remote pressure pain threshold [kPa, 0–100], rPTT: Remote pressure pain tolerance threshold [kPa, 0–100], TS: Temporal summation [visual analog scale, 0–10], CPM: Conditioned pain modulation [visual analog scale, 0–10]. * = p-value < 0.05