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Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

From: Comparison of walking variations during treadmill walking test between neurogenic and vascular claudication: a crossover study

 

 Lumbar spinal stenosis

Peripheral arterial disease

Non-specific low back pain

Inclusion criteria

- Central canal stenosis

- Pain in at least one leg

- Neurological signs in the lower limbs (numbness or tingling)

- Perceived weaknesses in the lower limb

- Pain relieved by sitting or bending the trunk

- > 50 years old

- Confirmed imaging of LSS

- Claudication while walking

- Ankle-brachial index < 0.9

- Pain relieved by rest

- > 50 years old

- Referred pain in the lower limb(s)

- Pain relieved by sitting

- > 40 years old

Exclusion criteria

- Foraminal stenosis - Type 1 diabetes

- Spinal stenosis with predominant back pain - Knee or hip osteoarthritis

- Symptomatic disc herniation with nerve root irritation - Hip or knee arthroplasty

- Previous lumbar surgery - Inability to provide free and informed consent

- Previous vascular surgery