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Table 6 Factors associated with chiropractors practising under a musculoskeletal spine-care paradigm identified from multivariable logistic regression

From: The impact and public health response of chiropractors to the COVID-19 pandemic: a survey across four continents

Factors

Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI)

Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)

Demographics

Age (increase per additional year)

0.97 (0.96, 0.98)

0.99 (0.97, 1.00)

Sole practitioner

0.51 (0.40, 0.65)

0.64 (0.46, 0.90)

Working with medical doctors/specialists

2.24 (1.39, 3.63)

2.19 (1.05, 4.56)

Working with allied health practitioners

3.45 (2.53, 4.71)

1.94 (1.35, 2.78)

Knowledge of government/health regulator advice and response to COVID-19

Believing government/health regulator advised the need for chiropractors to wear protective clothing

1.67 (1.28, 2.19)

1.56 (1.04, 2.34)

Implemented some/all government/health regulator advice on practitioner PPE use

1.94 (1.25, 2.98)

2.59 (1.32, 5.08)

Believing government/health regulator advised the need for patient use of standard surgical masks

1.69 (1.25, 2.30)

2.10 (1.04, 4.22)

Believing health regulator advised the need for patients to wear face and/or eye shielding

0.60 (0.41, 0.87)

0.47 (0.29, 0.76)

Implemented some/all government/health regulator advice on patient PPE use

2.36 (1.73, 3.21)

3.25 (1.57, 6.74)

No treatment until the patient had negative COVID-19 test results, completed the 14-day quarantine, or no more flu-like symptoms

4.73 (2.97, 7.54)

2.16 (1.18, 3.95)

Increased face-to-face care during the peak COVID-19

0.26 (0.16, 0.42)

0.36 (0.20, 0.65)

Initiate patient telehealth in response to COVID-19

3.26 (2.36, 4.50)

1.46 (1.02, 2.08)

Need for independent public health guidelines for manual therapy providers

Yes

2.11 (1.64, 2.71)

1.33 (1.00, 1.76)

Trusted resources when seeking public health information to guide clinical practice

Government reports/websites, World Health Organization, Chiropractic Registration Boards/Professional associations

3.05 (2.16, 4.31)

2.47 (1.49, 4.10)

Employment status of other practice staff

No substantial change in their employment

0.41 (0.30, 0.55)

0.59 (0.39, 0.89)

  1. All analyses are adjusted for country and age