From: Impact of audible pops associated with spinal manipulation on perceived pain: a systematic review
 |  | Bialosky (2010) | Cleland (2007) | Flynn (2003) | Flynn (2006) | Sillevis (2011) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reporting | ||||||
Q1 | Hypothesis/aim/objective clearly described | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q2 | Main outcomes in Introduction or Methods | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q3 | Patient characheristics clearly described | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q4 | Interventions of interest clearly described | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q5 | Principal confounders clearly described | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q6 | Main findings clearly described | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q7 | Estimates of random variability provided for main outcomes | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q8 | All adverse events of interventon reported | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Q9 | Characteristics of patients lost to follow-up described | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q10 | Probability values reported for main outcomes | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
External vailidity | ||||||
Q11 | Subjects asked to participate were representive of source population | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q12 | Subjects prepared to participate were representive of source population | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q13 | Location and delivery of study treatment was representative of source population | UTD | UTD | UTD | UTD | UTD |
Internal validity | ||||||
Q14 | Study participants blinded to treatment | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Q15 | Blinded outcome assessment | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Q16 | Any data dredging clearly described | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q17 | Analyses adjust for differing lenths of follow-up | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q18 | Appropriate statistical tests performed | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q19 | Compliance with interventions was reliable | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q20 | Outcome measures were reliable and valid | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q21 | All participants recruited from the same source population | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q22 | All participants recruited over the same time period | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Q23 | Participants randomized to treatment(s) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Q24 | Allocation of treatment concealed from investigators and participants | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Q25 | Adequate adjustment for confounding | UTD | UTD | UTD | UTD | UTD |
Q26 | Losses to follow-up taken into account | 1 | UTD | UTD | UTD | 1 |
Power | ||||||
Q27 | Sufficient power to detect treatment effect at significance level of 0.05 | UTD | UTD | UTD | UTD | 1 |
Total | Â | 20 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 22 |