Table 1 Phases and Descriptions of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model

I. Social assessment

Identify and evaluate the social problems which impact the quality of life of a target population

II. Epidemiological assessment

Defined as program objectives which define the target population (WHO), the desired outcome (WHAT), and HOW MUCH benefit the target population should benefit, and by WHEN that benefit should occur

III. Behavioral/environmental assessment

Focuses on the systematic identification of health practices and other factors which seem to be linked to health problems

IV. Educational/ecological assessment

Selection of the factors which if modified, will be most likely to result in behavior change

V. Administration/policy assessment

Analysis of policies, resources and circumstances prevailing organizational situations that could hinder or facilitate the development of the health program; Assessment of the compatibility of program goals and objectives with those of the organization and its administration and its fit into the mission statements, rules and regulations.

VI. Implementation of the program

VII. Process evaluation

Used to evaluate the process by which the program is being implemented.

VIII. Impact evaluation

Measures the program effectiveness in terms of intermediate objectives and changes in predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors.

IX. Outcome evaluation

Measures change in terms of overall objectives and changes in health and social benefits or the quality of life. It takes a very long time to get results and it may take years before an actual change in the quality of life is seen.