Table 1 Proprioceptive error calculated as the difference between the average initial reference position and the position on retargeting after the conditioning sequence.
TEST | Cardinal Plane (Motion) | n | Mean proprioceptive error by conditioning sequence. In degrees ± SD | Statistic (p) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No Hold | Passive Hold | Active Hold | ||||
EXTENSION | Sagittal Plane (AP-Flexion) | 48 | 0.72 ± 2.61 | 0.75 ± 3.28 | -1.40* ± 3.29 | F2,94 = 8.85 (<0.001) |
Frontal Plane (Lateral Bending) | 45 | 0.05 ± 1.21 | -0.20 ± 1.49 | -0.01 ± 1.73 | F2,88 = 0.54 (0.59) | |
Horizontal Plane (Rotation) | 48 | 0.12 ± 1.57 | -0.10 ± 1.26 | -0.05 ± 2.09 | F2,94 = 0.40 (0.67) | |
LATERAL FLEXION | Sagittal Plane (AP-Flexion) | 48 | 0.31 ± 2.44 | 0.93 ± 2.94 | 2.02† ± 3.30 | F2,94 = 6.70 (0.002) |
Frontal Plane (Lateral Bending) | 45 | 0.09 ± 1.76 | -0.07 ± 2.45 | 0.79 ± 2.37 | F2,88 = 2.27 (0.11) | |
Horizontal Plane (Rotation) | 48 | 1.01 ± 1.50 | 1.18 ± 1.92 | 1.17 ± 2.26 | F2,94 = 0.15 (0.86) | |