Skip to main content

Table 3 PosturePrint® reliability analysis with a conservative ICC method (ICC2,1). Three examiners evaluated forty student volunteers, with a posture digitizer, twice over 2 days.

From: Three dimensional evaluation of posture in standing with the PosturePrint: an intra- and inter-examiner reliability study

Measure

Mean

SD*

SEM†

InterICC‡

95% C.I. §

Intra ICC‡

95% C.I.

MADBO||

Pelvis Rx

3.2°

4.5

2.4°

0.56

0.44–0.68

0.72

0.59 – 0.82

3.3° ± 2.6

Thorax Rx

-3.1°

3.1

1.5°

0.65

0.53–0.76

0.76

0.64 – 0.86

2.3° ± 1.7

Head Rx

-1.2°

5.7

2.7°

0.69

0.58–0.79

0.77

0.66 – 0.86

3.5° ± 2.7

Pelvis Ry

-0.3°

1.1

0.9°

N/A¶

N/A

N/A

N/A

0.6° ± 1.2

Thorax Ry

0.2°

1.3

1.2°

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

1.0° ± 1.4

Head Ry

-0.1°

1.8

1.2°

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

1.6° ± 1.3

Pelvis Rz

-0.3°

1.5

1.3°

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

1.5° ± 1.3

Thorax Rz

0.3°

1.4

0.7°

0.66

0.55–0.77

0.76

0.66–0.85

1.0° ± 0.8

Head Rz

1.1°

2.3

1.2°

0.66

0.55–0.77

0.75

0.64–0.84

1.9° ± 1.3

Pelvis Tx

-3.6 mm

7.1

4.3 mm

0.51

0.39 – 0.64

0.64

0.51 – 0.76

6.0 mm ± 4.3

Thorax Tx

2.0 mm

6.5

2.6 mm

0.72

0.62 – 0.82

0.84

0.74 – 0.90

4.2 mm ± 3.2

Head Tx

-0.6 mm

6.0

3.4 mm

0.54

0.42 – 0.67

0.67

0.54 – 0.78

5.2 mm ± 3.9

Pelvis Tz

54.4 mm

17.0

5.9 mm

0.80

0.71 – 0.87

0.88

0.81 – 0.93

8.4 mm ± 6.3

Thorax Tz

3.6 mm

9.8

5.5 mm

0.54

0.41 – 0.68

0.68

0.52 – 0.81

8.3 mm ± 6.0

Head Tz

30.1 mm

9.1

4.6 mm

0.64

0.52 – 0.75

0.75

0.64 – 0.84

6.0 mm ± 4.6

  1. * SD = Standard deviation
  2. † SEM = Standard error of measurement = SD 1 ICC MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfKttLearuWrP9MDH5MBPbIqV92AaeXatLxBI9gBaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8akY=wiFfYdH8Gipec8Eeeu0xXdbba9frFj0=OqFfea0dXdd9vqai=hGuQ8kuc9pgc9s8qqaq=dirpe0xb9q8qiLsFr0=vr0=vr0dc8meaabaqaciaacaGaaeqabaqabeGadaaakeaacqqGtbWucqqGebarcqGHflY1daGcaaqaaiabigdaXiabgkHiTiabbMeajjabboeadjabboeadbWcbeaaaaa@365D@ .
  3. ‡ ICC = Cross factor intra- or inter-examiner correlation coefficient
  4. § 95% C.I. = 95 percent confidence interval
  5. || MADBO = Mean absolute differences between observers' measurements
  6. ¶ N/A = Not applicable, means the assumption of a normal distribution was violated by many identical values, and thus ICCs are not appropriate for this data.