Table 2 Adjusted Odds Ratios for chiropractic use
From: A longitudinal study of chiropractic use among older adults in the United States
| Â | AOR (95% CIs) | Reference Category |
|---|---|---|
Demographic Factors | Â | Â |
Age | 0.981 (0.964 - 0.998) | Â |
Male | 0.759 (0.620 - 0.929) | Female |
Race | Â | Â |
African American | 0.268 (0.163 - 0.439) | White |
Hispanic | 0.916 (0.533 - 1.574) | White |
Other | 0.131 (0.021 - 0.798) | White |
Marital Status | Â | Â |
Never Married | 0.547 (0.314 - 0.954) | Married |
Separated/Divorced | 0.806 (0.521 - 1.246) | Married |
Widowed | 0.758 (0.612 - 0.939) | Married |
Socioeconomic Factors | Â | Â |
Educational Attainment | Â | Â |
Grade School | 1.229 (0.932 - 1.620) | Some High School |
High School | 1.004 (0.786 - 1.283) | Some High School |
Some College | 0.904 (0.692 - 1.180) | Some High School |
Income Distribution | Â | Â |
Income - First Quintile | 0.760 (0.516 - 1.119) | Fifth Quintile |
Income - Second Quintile | 0.816 (0.627 - 1.060) | Fifth Quintile |
Income - Third Quintile | 0.769 (0.579 - 1.021) | Fifth Quintile |
Income - Fourth Quintile | 0.872 (0.695 - 1.095) | Fifth Quintile |
One or More Health Insurance Policy | 0.849 (0.672 - 1.073) | Zero Additional Health Policies |
Working for Pay | 0.959 (0.737 - 1.248) | Â |
Able to Drive a Car | 1.923 (1.486 - 2.488) | Â |
Geographic Location Measures | Â | Â |
Northeast | 0.491 (0.306 - 0.787) | MidWest Region |
New York/New Jersey | 0.692 (0.472 - 1.013) | MidWest Region |
Mid-Atlantic | 0.473 (0.307 - 0.727) | MidWest Region |
Southeast | 0.555 (0.387 - 0.796) | MidWest Region |
North-Central | 0.721 (0.516 - 0.987) | MidWest Region |
South-West | 0.369 (0.242 - 0.560) | MidWest Region |
Mountain | 0.258 (0.140 - 0.478) | MidWest Region |
West | 0.677 (0.460 - 0.997) | MidWest Region |
Pacific-Northwest | 0.990 (0.620 - 1.581) | MidWest Region |
Rural | 1.127 (0.901 - 1.409) | Â |
Distance to Chiropractic College - Far | 1.068 (0.878 - 1.298) | Near (< 150 miles) |
Disease History and Comorbidity | Â | Â |
Zero Comorbid Conditions | 0.851 (0.619 - 1.170) | One Comorbid Condition |
Two Comorbid Conditions | 1.174 (0.859 - 1.603) | One Comorbid Condition |
Three or More Comorbid Conditions | 1.833 (1.056 - 3.183) | One Comorbid Condition |
Arthritis Ever | 1.088 (0.808 - 1.466) | Â |
Cancer Ever | 0.790 (0.571 - 1.092) | Â |
Heart Condition Ever | 0.763 (0.565 - 1.031) | Â |
Diabetes Now | 0.856 (0.609 - 1.202) | Â |
Lung Disease Ever | 0.607 (0.416 - 0.885) | Â |
Psych Problems Ever | 0.965 (0.662 - 1.407) | Â |
Hip Fracture Ever | 0.783 (0.492 - 1.244) | Â |
Hypertension Ever | 0.679 (0.506 - 0.912) | Â |
Functional Status | Â | Â |
Bothered by Pain Often | 1.541 (1.267 - 1.874) | Â |
Difficulty Picking Up a Dime | 1.015 (0.721 - 1.428) | Â |
Difficulty Lifting 10 Pounds | 0.902 (0.706 - 1.152) | Â |
Difficulty Pushing/Pulling Large Object | 0.899 (0.713 - 1.135) | Â |
Difficulty Climbing Flight of Stairs | 1.086 (0.840 - 1.402) | Â |
Difficulty Walking Several Blocks | 0.917 (0.727 - 1.155) | Â |
Number of ADLs with Difficulty | 0.882 (0.748 - 1.041) | Â |
Number of IADLs with Difficulty | 0.837 (0.705 - 0.993) | Â |
Depressive Symptoms - One or Two | 1.023 (0.851 - 1.229) | No Depressive Symptoms |
Depressive Symptoms - Three or More | 0.789 (0.612 - 1.016) | No Depressive Symptoms |
TICS 7 Score - Zero to Ten | 0.887 (0.696 - 1.129) | Eleven to Thirteen TICS 7 Score |
TICS 7 Score - Fourteen to Fifteen | 0.913 (0.761 - 1.096) | Eleven to Thirteen TICS 7 Score |
Health Lifestyles | Â | Â |
Never Smoked | 1.162 (0.973 - 1.387) | Current or Former Smoker |
Ever Drink Alcohol | 1.162 (0.976 - 1.385) | Never Drink Alcohol |
Obese Weight (BMI ≥ 30) | 0.985 (0.757 - 1.281) | Normal Weight |
Over Weight (25 ≤ BMI < 30) | 1.259 (1.058 - 1.499) | Normal Weight |
Under Weight (BMI < 18.5) | 0.468 (0.241 - 0.910) | Normal Weight |
Self-Rated Health | Â | Â |
Excellent | 1.613 (1.026 - 2.536) | Poor Self-Rated Health |
Very Good | 1.658 (1.108 - 2.481) | Poor Self-Rated Health |
Good | 1.227 (0.839 - 1.797) | Poor Self-Rated Health |
Fair | 1.066 (0.736 - 1.544) | Poor Self-Rated Health |
Utilization of Health Services in Prior 12 months | Â | Â |
Number of Hospitalizations | 0.837 (0.671 - 1.043) | Â |
Number of Physician Visits - One or Less | 0.853 (0.681 - 1.069) | Two to Three Physician Visits |
Number of Physician Visits - Four to Six | 1.214 (0.981 - 1.502) | Two to Three Physician Visits |
Number of Physician Visits - Seven or More | 1.415 (1.098 - 1.823) | Two to Three Physician Visits |
Supply of Physicians per 1000 - County level | 0.916 (0.853 - 0.984) | Â |