Spinal manipulation under anesthesia: a narrative review of the literature and commentary

Table 1 Musculoskeletal conditions treated with medicine assisted manipulation (MAM)

Cervical spine		Thoracic spine
Cervical disk herniation/syndrome [4, 8]		Intractable intercostal neuritis [10]
Cervical pain [3, 5–7]		Thoracic pain [5, 7]
Cervical radiculopathy [4, 9]
Cervicogenic headache [3, 4]		Other
Traumatic torticollis [10]		Acute muscle spasm with subluxation [27]
Lumbar spine/pelvis		Acute osteopathic lesion pathology [17]
Acute low back pain [7]	Lumbar intervertebral disc syndrome [17, 25, 26]	Acute psoasitis [17]
Arthritic changes of the low back [17]	Lumbarization/sacralization [10]	Chronic muscle contracture [6, 27]
Chronic low back pain [5, 11–15]	Lumbar nerve root compression syndrome [23, 24]	Chronic myositis [27]
Chronic lumbosacral strain [29]	Lumbar post-laminectomy syndrome [22]	Extremity dysesthesias related to cervical or lumbar pain [5]
Chronic sacroiliac strain [1, 27]	Lumbar radiculopathy [9]	Fibrosis/(myo)fibrositis [10, 17, 27, 28]
Degenerative lumbar scoliosis [19]	Lumbosacral disc protrusion [11]	Nerve entrapment [27]
Disturbed lumbar disc integrity [10]	Postural defects of the low back [20]	Old compression fractures [10]
Failed back surgery syndrome [12, 21]	Recalcitrant synovial joint mediated low back pain [18]	Osteoporosis [10]
Joint stiffness of the low back [17]	Rigidity of the low back [20]
Low back pain with leg weakness and/or pain [11, 12, 16]	Spondylolisthesis [17, 30]
Lumbar disc derangement [30]	Spondylosis [30]

ISSN: 2045-709X