Accuracy of clinical tests in the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament injury: a systematic review

Table 2 Risk of bias and applicability concerns summary based on the QUADAS-2 checklist

	Risk of bias				Applicability concerns concerns
First author, year	Patient selection	Index test	Reference standard	Flow and timing	Patient selection	Index test	Reference standard
Beldame, 2011 [23]	?	+	+	-	+	+	+
Boeree, 1991 [24]	-	?	+	+	+	+	+
Decker, 1988 [33]	?	+	?	-	+	+	+
Harilainen, 1987 [25]	+	?	?	-	+	+	+
Katz, 1986 [26]	-	+	?	+	+	+	+
Lee, 1988 [27]	-	+	?	-	+	+	+
Lucie, 1984 [28]	-	+	?	-	+	+	+
Mulligan, 2011 [29]	+	+	?	?	+	+	+
Noyes, 1980 [30]	-	?	+	-	?	+	+
Richter, 1996 [34]	-	+	?	+	+	+	+
Schwartz, 1997 [35]	-	+	+	+	+	+	+
Tonino, 1986 [31]	-	+	?	?	+	+	+
Wagemakers, 2010 [19]	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Wong, 1999 [32]	+	?	?	+	+	+	+

Judgements on risk of bias and applicability concerns: − = high risk; ? = unclear risk; + = low risk.

ISSN: 2045-709X