Table 4 Outcomes and outcome measurements identified in the ‘Life impact’ core domain for PGP and LPP respectively

 Pain Intensity

VAS [23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46]

NRS [47,48,49,50,51]

Not specified [52, 53]

PGQ [20]

VAS [54, 55, 56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,81]

NRS [22, 84, 56, 70, 85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92]

Personal pain history (PPH) [88]

Not specified [12, 93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101]

McGill Pain Questionnaire [18, 56, 70, 102, 103]

POM-VAS [103]

Chronic grade pain scale [56]

RMDQ [87]

QBPDS [104]

5 point scale [105]

 Pain location

Body chart [30, 41]

Body chart [61, 67, 69, 72, 86, 106]

Questionnaire [42]

 Pain frequency

/

Questionnaire [68]

 Pain prevalence

/

Self-report [97, 106,107,108,109]

Questionnaire [57]

Not specified [62]

 Pain behaviour

/

Pain Behavior Scale [102]

 Function

ODI [23, 24, 36, 39, 43]

DRI [23, 24, 33, 41, 43]

PSFS [35, 36, 51]

RMDQ [44, 51]

QBPDS [27]

PGQ [39, 48,49,50]

ADL questionnaire [27, 42]

Majeed score [45]

Not specified [52]

VAS [28]

ODI [21, 56, 66, 70, 86, 91, 108, 110]

DRI [56, 106]

PSFS

RMDQ [19, 84, 56, 62, 70, 87, 102]

QBPDS [56, 102]

PGQ [56, 70, 86]

VAS [18, 19, 102, 106]

Likert scale [22, 63, 69, 76]

Majeed score [111]

BPFS [78]

Not specified [90, 95, 96, 100, 112, 113]

Inventory of functional status after childbirth [69]

Endurance of walking/sitting/standing – self report [111]

 Functional mobility

Functional load transfer tests [20]

TUG test [37]

The pregnancy mobility index (PMI) [73, 82]

 Physical activity levels

/

Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire

(PPAQ) [67, 92]

Exercise diaries [110]

Self-report [57]

 Disability

ODI [38, 47]

Not specified [52]

ODI [68, 72, 75, 77, 82, 85]

RMDQ [73, 74, 89, 92]

QBPDS [88]

PGQ [92]

DRI [57, 59, 71, 81]

Not specified [12, 58, 93, 95, 98, 114]

Self-report interview [109]

Bournemouth disability Questionnaire (BDQ) [90]

 Work disability

/

Not specified [100]

 QoL

SF-36 [38, 48]

EuroQol/EQ-5D [23, 24, 48, 49]

EQ-VAS [23]

NHP [40]

Hopkins symptom checklist (HSCL) [43]

Not specified [34]

SF-36 [56, 86]

EuroQol/EQ-5D [56, 68, 86]

EQ-VAS [68]

Not specified [114]

NHP [56]

Assessment of QOL Questionnaire [56]

WHO-QOL questionnaire [75]

SF-12 [62]

ODI [64]

 Health status / general health

SF-36 [33, 48]

EuroQol [47]

SF-8

SF-36 [18, 19, 102, 103]

EuroQol/EQ-5D [18, 102]

SF-8 [89]

Not specified [88, 96, 100]

 Perceived health

NHP [29]

/

 Patient satisfaction (with treatment/ life satisfaction)

Likert scale [27, 115]

Patient report [38]

Questionnaire [68, 86]

Not specified [56, 95, 96, 100]

Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) [63]

Verbal self-rating [90]

 Perceived improvement

Likert scale [29]

IPA questionnaire (Effect on autonomy/participation) [18, 19, 102]

Global effect 7-point scale [18, 19, 102]

Likert scale [56, 62, 81, 86]

VAS [59]

Questionnaire [86]

Patient’s Global Impression of Change test [85, 91]

Percentage improvement reported by patient [90]

Not specified [58, 93, 96]

 Patient expectations of treatment

/

VAS [73, 102]

11 NRS no expectation to full recovery) [86]

 Fear avoidance/ fear of movement

/

FABQ [57, 72, 90]

Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia [18, 19, 102]

Not specified [56]

 Pain catastrophizing

/

Pain Catastrophizing Scale [102]

Not specified [56]

 General mental health

/

Beck Depression inventory [102]

Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire [102]

 Anxiety

/

The State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) [21, 67, 71, 73]

 Wellbeing

/

VAS [68]

Not specified [96]

 Depression

/

Postpartum Depression Scale [69]

Goldberg Depression inventory [62]

 Confidence

11 point numerical rating scale [48, 49]

/

 Self-efficacy

Pain self-efficacy Questionnaire [35]

/

 Trouble sleeping

/

Self-report (frequency of waking/ delayed onset of sleep) [85, 86]

 Fatigue (morning and evening)

VAS 0–100 (encouraged to complete each week on same day at same time) [29]

/