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Table 6 Languages spoken by study sample compared with canadian population

From: Diversity of the chiropractic profession in Canada: a cross-sectional survey of Canadian Chiropractic Association members

Language

Study sample;

n (%)c

(n = 3141)

2016 Census;

n (%)a,b

(n = 34,460,065)

Prevalence ratio [95% CI]d

Multilingual

2023 (35.6)

Bilingual French/English

646 (20.57)

6,216,065 (18.04)

1.18 [1.08, 1.28]

Canadian Indigenous Languages

105 (3.34)

263,845 (0.77)

4.48 [3.69, 5.44]

Punjabi

61 (1.94)

668,240 (1.94)

1.00 [0.78, 1.29]

Farsi

30 (0.96)

252,320 (0.73)

1.31 [0.91, 1.87]

Spanish

104 (3.31)

995,255 (2.89)

1.15 [0.95, 1.34]

Italian

79 (2.52)

574,725 (1.67)

1.52 [1.22, 1.90]

German

48 (1.53)

502,730 (1.46)

1.05 [0.79, 1.39]

Cantonese

64 (2.04)

699,125 (2.03)

1.00 [0.78, 1.29]

Tagalog

18 (0.57)

612,735 (1.78)

0.32 [0.20, 0.51]

Arabic

34 (1.08)

629,055 (1.83)

0.59 [0.42, 0.83]

Mandarin

25 (0.80)

814,450 (2.36)

0.33 [0.22, 0.49]

Portuguese

21 (0.67)

295,955 (0.86)

0.78 [0.51, 1.19]

Other

218 (6.9)

  1. SD Standard Deviation
  2. aBased on Statistics Canada 2016 Census of Population[22]
  3. bKnowledge of official/unofficial language refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation
  4. cParticipants asked to identify languages that they considered themselves to be proficient in (definition of proficiency not provided)
  5. dRelative risk ratio of our sample compared to the 2016 Canadian Census